Features of heating a room with panoramic windows • Which heating system to choose?

A panoramic window is the dream of many. Just imagine a beautiful view from the window of the garden, or the lights of the night city at your feet, clouds running across the sky, and a wide view of the streets or nature. In addition, a room with a panoramic window looks much lighter, more spacious and more interesting than ordinary small windows. In apartment buildings and private estates, huge windows from ceiling to floor are increasingly being installed. Everything is fine in them if the heating is organized correctly. Everyone knows that the larger the area of ​​glass compartments, the higher the level of heat loss.

Panoramic window and room heating

For the first time, panoramic glazing began to be used in the southern regions. So in the old areas of Provence, where the temperature in winter is not lower than 10 degrees Celsius, you can find many beautiful houses with floor-to-ceiling windows. Beautiful views of France, romance, all this is impressive and fascinating. Looking at such beauty, our regions began to adopt construction experience. However, our winters are somewhat harsher. And the climate is not so mild.

In accordance with building codes and regulations, it is required to place heating radiators on the wall under each window. For obvious reasons, in this case it is not possible to place the batteries on the wall. Craftsmen have different approaches to solving problems. For example, if desired, you can install more radiators on adjacent walls, use air conditioning systems or heated floors, and ultimately heaters. But if heat sources are placed incorrectly and their power is calculated, a number of other problems arise:

• Temperature changes in different parts of the room. The corners farthest from the window will be warm, perhaps even hot. Directly next to the glass it will not be comfortable and the effect of the beautiful view will be somewhat spoiled. In addition, sudden changes in temperature in one room are harmful to health; they will especially have a bad effect on the elderly, children and those with weakened immune systems.
• If you reduce the number of heat sources, you can equalize the temperature in the room, but unfortunately in winter it will be low. Not everyone likes cold air; the room may become non-functional.
• The glass in panoramic windows will be covered with droplets of water if the walls are poorly insulated, or there are a lot of people in the room, there is high humidity, etc. Water flowing from windows can cause damage to the floor covering and cause the development of harmful microorganisms and fungi.

The above problems can be solved, but it is better to do this at the initial stage. This will save you time and money. Before starting repairs, take care of installing a heating system for panoramic windows.

Regulatory Requirements

Window sill height

In all Soviet-built houses, without exception, the standard distance from the floor to the window was 70 - 85 centimeters.

As is easy to see, window openings do not start from the floor.

Why? Yes, simply because heating radiators were mounted on the window sill, creating a thermal curtain in front of the window opening.

The function of a radiator is to create a thermal curtain in front of the window.

Why do windows need a thermal curtain? It solves at least two problems:

• Eliminates the appearance of cold drafts. Air from the street, penetrating inside through the gaps of the window frames, is mixed with the rising air flow from the hot battery;

A window without a thermal curtain will become a source of cold in winter.

• Warms up the glass, eliminating the formation of condensation and frost on them.

The thermal curtain created by the radiator warms up the glass.

There was no GOST for the height of the window from the floor in the USSR, and it still doesn’t exist now. However, indirect mention of this parameter can be found in SNiP 3.01.01-87, which sets out the requirements for load-bearing and enclosing structures .

What should be the height of the window from the floor according to SNiP? The document makes the following recommendations:

1. The heating radiator must be separated from the floor by at least 10 centimeters. The gap is necessary so that the proximity of the floor does not limit air convection;
2. The gap between the battery and the window sill should be at least 6 - 8 centimeters. The purpose of creating a gap is the same - not to interfere with convection.

Distances from the radiator to the window sill and floor.

To these values ​​you should add the height of the heating device itself.

The most common cast iron batteries MS-140 in the late 80s, during the years when SNiP was issued, have a section height of 588 millimeters.

Dimensions of the MS-140 radiator.

Adding up the size of the gaps and the height of the battery, we get 76.8 cm. This will be the minimum allowable distance from the window to the floor.

Typical height of a window opening above the floor.

Window area

We found out at what height from the floor builders install windows. Now we have to find out whether there are any regulatory restrictions on their maximum area.

An excessively large window area can create problems for the owner.

The answer can be found in SNiP 2.08.01-89, which regulates the construction of residential buildings. According to this document, the ratio of the window to the floor area of ​​the room should be in the range of 1:5.5 - 1:8.

For attics, the ratio of window area to floor area can be increased to 1:10.

The ratio of window area to floor area for premises for various purposes.

So you decide to go against the rules. You are not interested in what height from the floor the windows are located in apartment buildings of standard designs and what area they have: your windows should be panoramic, from floor to ceiling.

I approve. Three years ago I thought the same way. And now, after this time, I can give a number of compelling arguments in favor of French windows.

Argument one: review

If your windows do not look out onto a garbage dump or the blank wall of a neighbor’s house, why not enjoy the beautiful landscape? For me this argument was the main one. The house is located so that the gables of the attic look out onto the picturesque mountains and the harbor, and I didn’t want to cover them with blank walls at all.

A beautiful landscape is the main argument in favor of a large window area.

Argument two: illumination

As you know, natural light is optimal for the eyes. Our vision was formed under a very specific spectrum of light - solar, and the eyes tolerate deviations from this spectral composition very ... let's say - disapprovingly.

Evolution has adapted our eyes to a very specific spectrum of light.

It is clear that a large window area will provide bright natural light to the room all year round. This is especially important for children who learn from paper textbooks and write a lot while doing homework.

The larger the windows, the better the room is lit.

Argument three: perception of space

An apartment with floor-to-ceiling windows seems much more spacious than the same apartment with standard-sized window openings. The reason is that part of the visible boundary of space is missing. Yes, the windows cannot affect the actual usable area, but the visual perception of the room will change radically.

A room with French windows looks larger than its actual size.

Heating options for windows

When conventional radiators do not fully cope with the functions assigned to them or a different type of heating system is used in the premises, it is recommended to install heated windows to ensure comfortable conditions. Thanks to this solution, it is possible to minimize heat leakage and maintain optimal temperature conditions in the rooms at the lowest possible cost. There are several options for heating windows on the market, so you can always choose the most suitable one.

In what cases is it recommended to use heated windows?

If the window openings have a large area, then it is definitely better to immediately install heated windows, since the flows emanating from the radiator are not able to create an effective thermal curtain. These models are also recommended when rooms are heated:

• heated floor system;
• infrared heaters installed outside window openings;
• warm air through ventilation ducts;
• fireplaces, etc.

In all of the above cases, there are no full-fledged thermal curtains opposite the window openings, which can provoke a whole list of negative consequences:

• rapid decrease in temperature in the rooms;
• excessive condensation;
• the appearance of fungus and mold on various elements of window structures.

Aluminum, wooden and plastic heated windows do not have such problems. In addition, they not only help create comfortable conditions for living and working, but also allow you to significantly reduce heating bills.

Window heaters

These products are designed to slow down the process of heat exchange between indoor spaces and the street. They also allow you to additionally warm the air in the rooms, thereby reducing the load on the central heating system.

Today, window heaters are represented by two types of devices:

• infrared elements - devices whose operation does not generate air currents, since they heat objects located in their area of ​​action;
• air thermal curtains - such a window heater supplies a powerful stream of air heated to a certain temperature parallel to the opening, due to which an additional invisible barrier is created between the room and the street.

Such devices not only retain heat and heat the rooms, but also prevent the appearance of drafts that can occur if the windows are slightly depressurized.

Flexible window heating system

Infrared elements and thermal curtains are generally effective, but have some disadvantages. For example, they require space for installation, sometimes create noise and in some cases have a negative impact on the interior. European engineers have figured out how to make a quiet and unnoticeable device that prevents windows from cooling. Its work is based on thin heating elements, which are a flexible tape that runs along the perimeter of the glass unit. Such a system consumes little energy and increases the temperature of the glass unit, eliminating cold bridges in both blind and active sashes.

In addition to being economical and compact, this system is suitable for windows that are already in use. Thanks to the minimal thickness and flexibility of the heating elements, it is possible to remove the glass unit from the frame, wrap it in tape and insert it back, and then connect it to the control unit. This device prevents condensation from forming and slows down the heat transfer process. Its integration guarantees the absence of frost on the windows even at very low temperatures.

The flexible system is best suited for openings with relatively small dimensions, since it slightly heats these products only around the perimeter. If significant heat loss through the windows is expected, then it is better to use a device that is able to heat the glass over its entire area.

Types of structures

Depending on the material used for the production of radiators, several types of devices can be distinguished.

• Aluminum and cast iron. These are perhaps the “oldest” versions of radiators, which were first presented to consumers at the beginning of the last century. However, it is quite difficult to find floor products made of these metals; conventional batteries are much more common, which are simply attached to the floor using brackets. We can say that these are ordinary wall-mounted models that are simply attached to the floor.
• Bimetallic radiators. This type of heating devices includes those made of two metals; aluminum-copper and aluminum-steel are more common. The features of such radiators include the following point: the water inside them moves along a special core made of steel and characterized by high corrosion resistance.
• Steel. This version of radiators is quite widespread; convectors, registers and tubular models are made from this alloy. Convectors are characterized by the same design as their counterparts made of aluminum and copper, however, with the same dimensions, the degree of heat transfer of steel models is slightly lower.

Tubular modifications can have a wide variety of configurations, due to this they are often used not only for effective heating, but also as a decorative element in the room, a stylish accent of a modern interior. The registers look like the most basic homemade installations, they are produced quite quickly: thick pipes are simply connected to each other using special jumpers, which forms a closed circuit at the output. Such products can be used as an element of the heating system or autonomously.

Separately, you need to dwell on the types of heaters inside floor radiators.

Depending on the principle of operation, they are divided into electric and water.

• The first varieties work due to a special closed heating element on which metal plates are held; they can be copper or steel. The purpose of such discs is to maximize the surface area in contact with the air flow. Such radiators are characterized by a high degree of safety, since they are equipped with fuses for effective and reliable protection against any possible malfunctions in the electrical network.
• The operating principle of water models is slightly different. The main heating element here consists of metal pipes with several plates, which are attached to a centralized heating network using special pipes.

Depending on the type of model, a floor radiator may include a fan, this significantly increases the heat transfer of the device. Such a radiator operates from an electric current network and is supplemented with special vibration-proof supports, which greatly reduce the level of noise emitted.

For owners of non-standard rooms, radiators of a wide variety of shapes and the required radius of curvature can be manufactured according to individual projects. If you plan to use the device in homes with high humidity levels, then you should give preference to models made of stainless materials with a built-in drain for drainage. Some models have special electronic regulators that allow you to set the optimal temperature background. As a rule, a remote control is included with such products.

What batteries can be installed with a panoramic window

Irsap vertical radiators in interior design
Designers usually offer three solutions to the problem of heating a room with window openings almost to the floor:

• convectors built into the floor;
• low radiators;
• vertical devices.

All of these options have their advantages and disadvantages, so before making a choice, it is better to learn a little about the pros and cons of each type of heating device.

Horizontal radiators made of aluminum

Aluminum radiators have a minimum size, reaching only 245 mm.

The following foreign companies are engaged in the manufacture of such low heating devices:

• Sira company produces small radiators that have a heat output of 89 to 97 W;
• Global is represented on the market with cast batteries designed for installation in a heating system with a pressure reaching 16 bar.

Of the domestic manufacturers of horizontal radiators made of aluminum, the most popular are Rifar Base 200, as well as Rifar Forza 200 with an interaxial distance of 20 cm.

The advantages of aluminum heating devices are as follows:

• heat transfer of the device is at the highest level;
• light weight allowing self-installation;
• complete filling of the system requires minimal water consumption;
• the battery responds very quickly to changes in operating environment parameters as a result of turning the control valve.

Negative characteristics of devices include:

• is easily mechanically affected and deformed, since aluminum is a soft material;
• chemical activity of the metal, which affects the quality of the water used.

Note! The manifestation of the listed shortcomings can be avoided if, before starting operation, water treatment is carried out and the system is timely purged.

Bimetallic devices

Bimetallic low radiators for panoramic windows are expensive, but this disadvantage is easily compensated by high quality. In addition, they have the following distinctive features:

• high working pressure;
• Excellent compatibility with other metals, since the outer shell is made of aluminum and the inner part is made of stainless or black steel.

Important! It is believed that bimetallic radiators are the best option for connecting to a centralized heating system.

Bimetallic radiators designed for panoramic windows can range in height from 245 to 450 mm.

Low cast iron

The installation of low heating radiators for panoramic windows is carried out for water heating in both apartment buildings and private houses. The distinctive characteristics of such products are their durable housing, which is durable and wear-resistant.

But such heating devices also have a lot of disadvantages. For example, the alloy’s instability to corrosion when in contact with certain types of liquid and unattractive appearance. A feature of a cast iron radiator is also that the maximum pressure limit in the system should be 9 atmospheres. Therefore, the installation of such devices in high-rise buildings is questionable.

Additional Information! Cast iron radiators have a rough surface, so over time, layers of debris accumulate on them, especially on the inner walls.

Steel low batteries

If it is necessary to install a low heating system, even within 100 mm, tubular steel radiators are used. The shape of such products can be rectilinear or unusual, corresponding to the configuration of the window sill space.

Tubular steel radiators work perfectly in various heating systems, and this does not depend on the method of circulation of the working environment.

Heating in baseboards

More recently, a new and lower option for underfloor heating in baseboards has appeared. The entire heat supply structure is represented by a set of copper tubes, finned with plates that increase heat transfer. This is where the water passes through.

The pipes are laid along the perimeter of the entire room and covered with specially designed metal skirting boards. Design parameters are minimal.

The advantages of baseboard heating are as follows:

• the ability to implement any design ideas;
• uniform distribution of heat flows along the walls.

Thanks to this, you can harmoniously fit the heating system into the interior without violating the design idea.

Floor recessed

Radiators built into the floor have become very popular lately. This is especially true for large rooms or those equipped with panoramic windows.

Heating structures that are built into the floor have a number of advantages:

• service life;
• high level of productivity at minimal costs;
• reliability, environmental friendliness and trouble-free operation;
• aesthetic appearance.

But it is worth paying attention to the negative aspects of using such heating equipment:

• an increase in ceiling height will be required;
• high price;
• if the room height is more than 3 m, the use of radiators built into the floor is not recommended;
• complex installation.

Note! The design of such radiators is very simple and is presented in the form of a box made of stainless steel. Inside there are heat exchangers made of aluminum and copper.

Step-by-step instructions for insulation

After all thermal calculations have been completed and a heating system has been selected based on heating type and power, the contractor must prepare a place for placing heating devices. The simplest option is a warm baseboard, which can be purchased complete with all the necessary equipment and does not require partial dismantling of the floor.

Skirting

Installing a warm baseboard with a factory kit is not difficult; it can be done independently by a home craftsman :

1. Study the manufacturer's instructions and check the equipment.
2. Mark the location for installing the heater.
3. Install the iron base on the wall and strengthen it with self-tapping screws.
4. The main heating element is placed.
5. With the help of connections, a thermal circuit is assembled using special fasteners.
6. Connect the input and output from the heating element to the distribution comb of the heating system.
7. Turn on the pump to the heating system, open the cold coolant and check the density of the assembled thermal circuit.
8. If no leaks are found, the heating element is covered with a decorative panel, after which the installation is considered complete.

When carrying out installation work, the contractor must pay attention to the length of the supply and return pipelines; if it exceeds 15 m, then several independent coolant supply circuits must be made. Otherwise, the required coolant pressure will not be created in the interpipe space of the heating element, ensuring the design circulation rate.

Slopes

This is a fairly simple construction operation that any home craftsman can perform on his own.

Technology for insulating slopes of panoramic windows:

1. Thoroughly clean the working surface of the slope from debris, dust and layers of building material.
2. Cracks and chips on the surface are repaired with mortar.
3. Cut off protruding foam residues.
4. The entire surface for insulation is primed with a deep penetration primer; it is desirable that it also has antibacterial properties.
5. Penoplex is cut to the size of the slopes; for this, a sheet with a thickness of 20 mm and a density of at least 30 kg/m3 is better suited.
6. The insulation is installed with special glue.
7. A corner with reinforced mesh is installed in the corners for rigidity.
8. After the glue has set, apply it to the outer surface and lay the façade reinforced mesh.
9. Carry out external finishing.

Special glass

In order to install electrically heated glass, specialists first complete a glazing design and an electrical installation diagram.

The main stages of installing a panoramic window with electric heating:

1. The window is mounted along the wall opening, while the power supply cable is carefully brought out.
2. An electrical control network is installed with the installation of a thermostat.
3. Connect the output of the power cable to the common heated glass control network.
4. Install panoramic window frames.
5. The sashes and fittings of the window system are installed.
6. The window block is sealed in the wall opening.
7. Check the functionality of the electric heating using a thermostat.

Proper heating of a room with panoramic windows

There are several effective types of heating rooms with panoramic windows. Among them there are both more expensive and affordable options. Let's consider four main types of heating devices:

1. One of the most stylish, convenient and efficient types of heating is the use of in-floor convectors.
2. Floor-standing convector-type radiators, which are lower in height than conventional radiators.
3. Tall batteries are vertical radiators, installed on the side of the glass unit.
4. Heating with baseboard convectors.

Next, we propose to dwell in more detail on each type of heating.

Trench convector: advantages and disadvantages

Such a heating system is installed during the renovation stage. The convector is installed below the floor covering level and covered with a decorative grille.

Advantages:

• do not take up space in the room;
• look impressive and stylish, do not spoil the interior;
• create a thermal curtain, cutting off cold air from the room;
• do not block the view;
• a wide range, differing in width, length, material, presence of fans, etc.;
• With the correct calculation of the number of elements, convectors provide high heat transfer, creating a comfortable atmosphere.

Disadvantages of in-floor convectors:

• Difficulty in installation - a project is required. There may not be enough space. To install the convector, a gap is required; the optimal height is more than 8 centimeters.
• High price of batteries and installation.
• When choosing a model with a fan, be prepared for noise. At the same time, without a fan, in-floor convectors alone may not be enough to heat the entire room.

Main characteristics

Floor radiators are heat-generating equipment that is installed so that technical elements are not visible. The design of the radiator is quite simple and consists of a box made of stainless steel. Inside it has heat exchangers consisting of copper and aluminum. To connect radiators built into the floor, corrugated tubes made of corrosion-resistant materials are used. A distinctive feature of the device is that there is no gap at all between the plates and the circuit.

Such designs come with or without housings. Both options are quite easy to install. Before installation, you need to prepare a gutter that matches the length of the radiator. Then the device itself is placed in it, and only after that the radiator is connected to the communications. Radiator sizes range from 90 centimeters to three meters. This allows you to choose an option that will fully correspond to the selected room. That is, it will be able to fully heat it, and at the same time will not take up too much space in the room.

Skirting convectors: advantages and disadvantages

This type of heaters can be called a novelty on the domestic market.

Advantages:

• compact, does not require much space for installation and does not block the view;
• stylish appearance, does not attract unnecessary attention;
• does not take up useful space;
• Quite easy to install.

Flaws:

• relatively high cost;
• low power;
• the need to correctly calculate the parameters for installation and connection.

The domestic market offers models that differ in the materials from which the heating elements are made and the type of energy used. These heaters can be powered by electricity or water based. Difficulty may arise at the design, calculation and installation stages. If you are installing electric radiators, it is necessary to provide high-quality wiring and fuses.

Regardless of the choice of type of heating for a room with a panoramic window, it is important to correctly calculate the power of all equipment. Boilers and pipes, radiators and pumps, electrical networks - all this is of no small importance. It is advisable to hire professionals to design a heating system. Even if you have central heating, it may be necessary to select and install additional heat sources. For example, a fireplace, air conditioning, infrared heaters, and so on. When starting heating, choosing radiators and installing them, read articles and consult with experts. This will avoid mistakes. Comfort and coziness depend on the temperature in the room.

Kinds

Low radiators are a type of battery that differs from standard ones in its height. This parameter for such units is only 200-400 mm. Such devices are installed in rooms with large panoramic windows, in swimming pools, gyms, greenhouses, etc.

The main criterion on the basis of which types of low radiators are distinguished is the material of manufacture.

Cast iron

Batteries of this type are sections created by casting. Such devices have good thermal inertia and are resistant to corrosion. However, they have a low operating pressure, which reaches only 10 atm. In addition, they are very fragile. Users note that plaque often forms on the inner surface of the channels and dirt accumulates, which leads to a decrease in heat transfer. Therefore, you need to clean them periodically.

Steel

Steel panel radiators are constructed from one or more heating plates that are enclosed in a finned shell.

Their main positive characteristics:

• good thermal conductivity;
• low inertia;
• low coolant consumption.

Despite many good technical indicators, there are some disadvantages: such radiators cannot withstand water hammer and corrosion.

Reviews indicate that when water is drained, rust forms on the walls of the panels. Another disadvantage is that such heaters are not cheap. For example, if you want to purchase a radiator with a height of 300 mm, be prepared to pay from 2000 to 5000 rubles for it.

Aluminum

Low heating radiators made of aluminum have an attractive design, high heat transfer rates and are light in weight. They are characterized by high technical characteristics, thanks to which they are able to withstand operating pressures of up to 16 atm.

However, there are also some disadvantages. For example, aluminum radiators are short-lived: their service life is 10, in rare cases 15 years. Plus, such devices are not able to withstand hydraulic shocks, and as a result, leaks can form between sections.

The price of aluminum radiators varies from 300 to 1500 rubles.

Note! Aluminum batteries withstand water hammer better than cast iron ones, but their convection properties are much worse. Bimetallic

Bimetallic

The design of bimetallic models of low radiators consists of a core, which is made of steel or copper pipes, and an aluminum shell. Such batteries withstand high pressure well, consume a small amount of water and are resistant to corrosion processes.

Lamellar

Convector-type plate radiators are produced with the lowest heights; they can be attached to both the wall and the floor, and, if necessary, covered with decorative grilles. The devices have high heat transfer rates. The maximum pressure they can withstand is 20 atm. The disadvantage is that if there is a leak, it will not be possible to replace a part; you will have to buy a new radiator.

Features of arranging transparent walls

The arrangement of transparent walls that decorate the exclusive interior of the room is accompanied by taking into account a number of important nuances.

• A lot of thermal energy is lost through large window structures, changing the microclimate of the room.
• The difference in parameters of external and internal temperatures forms the air space where cooled flows move.
• In winter, frosty patterns appear, rising temperatures condense vapors, which, after flowing down, become an excellent habitat for harmful fungi.

Preserving the aesthetic appeal of the panoramic glazing design is achieved by assembling a special heating system.

Bimetallic devices for panoramic windows

This type of radiator belongs to heat supply equipment, the high cost of which best corresponds to the quality.

Bimetallic radiators differ:

1. High working pressure.
2. Compatible with other metals. In them, aluminum is used only for the manufacture of the shell, which increases the aesthetics of appearance and heat transfer. As for the internal casing, equipped with outlets for connection to the system, it is made of stainless steel or black steel.

The height of bimetallic radiators for panoramic windows ranges from 24.5 to 45 centimeters.

Criterias of choice

Water systems are more difficult to work with; several additional factors may influence the purchasing decision, in addition to the dimensions and material from which the body, fins and pipes are made.

The first thing you should pay special attention to is the overall pressure level in the heating system. For private buildings and cottages, absolutely any model will do, since the pressure here rarely exceeds 3 atmospheres

But owners of apartments in high-rise buildings should add pressure testing and operating pressure of the heating system. Experts recommend installing devices rated at 15 bar. Coolant parameters. Here the approach is similar: for individual heating systems, a variety of designs can be used, since only the owners of the house set the required temperature conditions, but the owners of apartments in high-rise buildings are forced to adapt to what flows in their pipes. Moreover, this concerns not only the degree of heating, but also the presence of all kinds of suspensions, oxygen content and connection method. Therefore, it would be right to first get acquainted with the recommendations for specific types of coolant, and then compare them with the parameters of the heating device.

Type of system and connection diameter Most often, varieties of floor radiators are equally effective in both single-pipe and double-pipe systems, however, there is no rule without exception, so it is necessary to pay attention to this point

The diameter should also be taken into account, but this factor cannot be considered critical, since nowadays the market is overflowing with all kinds of adapters, so any sizes can be “adjusted” to each other. It is very important to think in advance what material the radiator should be made of under specific operating conditions. If the room is dry, then you should not purchase a product with a stainless steel body, since the quality of such material sometimes raises serious doubts. Of course, world-famous brands produce their heaters only from the best steel, but cheaper analogues often use so-called technical stainless steel, which significantly loses in its performance characteristics.

Why are heating radiators installed under windows?

When using central heating batteries to heat a room, it is important to correctly place the heating devices so that they have the greatest heat transfer efficiency. There are several reasons for installing heating devices under window openings.

The main reasons for this arrangement are considered to be the physical processes of thermal energy transfer in the room:

• air convection;
• thermal radiation.

The window opening in the structure of the room has a large space equipped with a window block through which outside air enters the room. No matter how much the thermal insulation of the walls is enhanced, the building loses from 25 to 35% of heat through frames and glass. This is a very large indicator of heat loss. In this case, it is through the cracks in the frames that fresh but cooled air enters the room.

Therefore, to keep the room fresh and comfortable, it is more convenient to provide heating for the incoming fresh air. Create a heat shield in the opening, which would ensure normal temperature conditions in the room and its natural circulation throughout the entire apartment or house.

When installing a radiator under a window opening, the heat released heats the air, lifts it to the window sill, where fresh cooled and heated air from the radiator is mixed.

The wall near the window opening freezes especially hard. The large area of ​​glass does not help retain heat, so the wall, reaching half the height of the room, freezes especially hard here. If the load-bearing walls to the right and left of the opening are more powerful, then the thickness of the wall underneath is 10-15 cm less. This means that here the wall will freeze faster, and therefore installing a radiator to heat the masonry with radiation is quite justified.

Domaletto

The Domaletto online store offers a wide selection of ready-made inexpensive curtains. For the living room, a set of curtains with a lambrequin made of jacquard taffeta is suitable; for a comfortable stay in the bedroom - light-proof curtains with photo printing; for a carefree children's room, a lightweight fabric made of micro-voile is suitable. The site also offers a selection of cozy home textiles.

The online store has a bonus program, where for every product purchased, review, or birthday, bonuses are awarded that can be used to pay for up to 100% of the purchase. Delivery of orders from Domaletto in Moscow is carried out in a way convenient for the client: pickup, courier or Russian post.

If the store does not offer the required size, you can inexpensively sew custom-made curtains in a studio. To do this, you need to fill out the form and wait for a call from a specialist who will clarify your request and advise on all questions that arise. A transparent price tag for work and an individual approach to each client will ensure high-quality provision of services.

Types of heating radiators

To equip your home, you can choose different models of heating devices - you can have an aluminum radiator, an electric wall heater or a cast iron radiator made of several sections. The question is whether such a battery can effectively heat a room that has large windows.

Building codes regulate at what distance the battery must be placed under the window. But at the same time, these standards do not indicate which batteries should be hung under stained glass windows or under panoramic structures. The fact is that modern technologies offer several options for organizing heating in an apartment. Including in such a non-standard situation as installing a heating radiator under a panoramic window, to the entire height of the room.

Depending on the material of manufacture, the following can be selected for installation in a central or autonomous heating system:

• cast iron sectional batteries;
• aluminum radiators;
• bimetallic radiators;
• steel models;
• radiators made of copper.

In this place you can also place convectors for connecting to the electrical network in a wall position or install them in the floor under a decorative cover.

Heating devices can be:

• in the form of full-size radiators;
• low radiators for panoramic windows;
• floor batteries;
• copper batteries for installation in the baseboard;
• convectors for panoramic windows for placement in the floor.

Against

Now let's weigh the problems that the owner of French windows will face.

Argument four: legal restrictions

Floor-length windows in an apartment require mandatory approval from several organizations:

• Residents who serve your home;

Any change to the facade begins with a visit to the local housing and communal services office.

• Representatives of Heat Networks. In this organization, you will have to agree on a project for moving the heating device from the window sill to one of the walls adjacent to the opening;

Standards for installing batteries in residential premises

According to building codes and regulations, the battery under the window opening must be installed taking into account the following requirements:

• the heating radiator should be installed at a height of 80-100 mm from the floor;
• relative to the window sill, the radiator is placed 100-120mm lower;
• The battery must be placed at a distance of 30-50 mm relative to the wall;
• the battery should be located in the center of the window opening.

How to properly hang a heating radiator determines how easily you can maintain order in the room and how well it will warm up during the heating season. The distance above the floor level and from the window sill during the heating season ensures natural air convection. As it rises, it cuts off the cold flow from entering the room and creates a heat shield in the window opening. The gap between the floor and the lower edge of the heating radiators makes it possible to carry out cleaning, which is very important for residential premises.

The convector under the window sill should be 3-5 cm lower than it. This ensures air circulation, on the one hand, and on the other hand does not allow dust to accumulate in this space. The central location of the radiators allows the window units to be covered with a flow of warm air, blocking the penetration of cold into the room.

Expert advice

There are quite a few popular options for heat supply using floor products.

• In-floor radiators - the main device is located below the floor line, and on the surface there is only a grille, through which cold air masses penetrate into the convectors, and warm ones rise upward. Such installation is quite labor-intensive, and the liner itself is often hidden, which is extremely undesirable in case of emergency situations.
• The use of fan coil units is a system in which the heat exchangers are blown by built-in fans, which optimally redistribute warm air flows. This design ensures uniform distribution of heat over the entire area of ​​the room, and in addition, completely frees the floor from additional communications, since they are all located above and do not “steal” the usable space of the room.

Floor radiators are still considered little-known devices, although there are quite a few situations where they are truly irreplaceable. The devices are connected in the same way as the simplest radiators; they are practical, ergonomic and energy efficient.

See the following video about the advantages of floor heating radiators.

Heat from the floor - pros and cons

Built-in convectors are convenient because they:

• completely hidden in the floor, so you don’t need to think about how to fit them into the interior;
• They have high power and quickly warm up the air in the room.

But for many, the disadvantages of convectors significantly outweigh their advantages:

• high cost of the devices themselves and installation work;
• the impossibility of installing efficient models with a height of 80 mm or more with a low floor screed;
• noisy operation of fans in powerful models;
• Heating based on the convection principle leads to dry air, which is fraught with health problems.

Low Batteries: Pros and Cons

Low models are good because they can be installed under a window sill, which rises from the floor by a few centimeters. At the same time, the panoramic view will be preserved, and the problem of heating the room will be solved.

Low models of Irsap radiators in interior design Low models of Irsap radiators in interior design Low models of Irsap radiators in interior design

The main advantages of low tubular radiators are:

• low price;
• high heat transfer;
• ease of installation;
• large selection - you can choose the number of sections, width, depth of the device, tube diameter, color.

There are few disadvantages to this solution; they boil down to the fact that budget options, as a rule, have a rather primitive design, and beautiful designer models are not very cheap.

Radiators next to windows

An interesting design solution could be radiators located next to panoramic windows. In this case, the radiators evenly heat the room without covering the window. The main disadvantage here is the non-optimal location of the heating radiators.

• In most cases this is the cheapest option
• Wide choice in the location of the radiator, as well as in the choice of radiator model
• Radiators are easy to clean
• The radiator does not block the flow of cold air from the side of the window, as a result of which the temperature near the window may be lower than in the rest of the room
• In some cases, condensation may form on the glass, but this is more likely a matter of insufficient ventilation or poor quality of the glass unit.

What to do

The question is not rhetorical: some of the problems I listed with French windows are completely solvable.

Heating

A low (200 - 350 mm) sectional radiator, a warm baseboard (the so-called wall convector with a height of 13 - 18 cm decorative screen) or an in-floor convector installed in a screed or between floor joists can create a thermal curtain in front of a panoramic window.

Panoramic window with in-floor convector.

My thermal curtain is created by an internal split unit blowing parallel to the plane of the window - a system that is the only source of heat in the attic.

The thermal curtain is created by an internal split system unit installed next to the window.

Cold, overheating and excessive light

These problems can be successfully solved by installing a combined double-glazed window with one energy-saving and one solar control glass.

What kind of glass is this?

Thanks to a thin metal coating, solar control glass reflects part of the light in the visible part of the spectrum (from 30 to 70%), reducing the illumination of the room and its heating in the summer heat.

By the way, it will also save you from prying glances from the outside thanks to the mirror effect. The interior of the room will be visible from the street only at dusk and when the lights are turned on inside.

Cottage with light-protective glass.

Energy-saving glass is equipped with the same metal coating, which, due to its special chemical composition, has limited transparency only in the infrared part of the spectrum. Glass reduces heat loss in winter, when the temperature in the house is higher than outside, and limits the heating of rooms in sunny weather.

Glass is easily recognized by the color of the reflected fire.

A single-chamber double-glazed window with one energy-saving glass transmits a quarter less heat than a double-chamber double-glazed window with conventional glass.

Double-chamber double-glazed window with energy-saving and light-protective glass.

If the windows are already installed, you can turn the double-glazed windows into solar-protective and/or energy-saving ones by sticking appropriate films on the glass.

The film can change the characteristics of your double glazed window.

How to do it yourself? The instructions are extremely simple:

1. Wash the glass;
2. Cut the film to the size of the glass unit;
3. Wet the glass generously with water and a small amount of baby shampoo;
4. Remove the film from the backing, press it against the glass and smooth it with a rag or rubber spatula from the center to the periphery, driving out the water.

The film is glued to heavily moistened glass.

The noise problem can be partially solved by installing a noise-proof double-glazed window. Sound insulation is achieved by combining glass of different thicknesses (usually 4 and 6 mm) with variable thickness of spacer frames. As a result, the glazing absorbs sounds across the widest possible acoustic spectrum.

Regular and noise-proof double-glazed windows.

Models without housing

In this case, heating radiators are installed in a specially prepared niche. Its walls are insulated. The most commonly used is polyester foam. Batteries of this type are mainly located in new buildings, where their installation is provided for in the design documentation.

Diagram and principle of operation of a liquid electric radiator

The heating circuit is installed inside the niche at a height of 10 cm from the bottom. This is due to fire safety regulations. Also, the presence of an air gap improves the movement of warm masses and increases the efficiency of the heating device.

The channel with heating elements is closed with a special grille. It must withstand significant loads that are possible during operation.

Also, the grill must be removable so that the channel can be cleaned of accumulated dust. It can move completely away or collapse.

Why vertical tubular radiators are better

A universal solution is a vertical radiator. These are tall devices that are installed not under the window sill, but next to the window opening.

Vertical radiators:

• have an original appearance, look stylish, non-standard;
• have high productivity due to the large working surface area;
• do not block the view from the window.

Vertical radiators Irsap in the interior design of a room Vertical radiators Irsap in the interior design of a room Vertical radiators Irsap in the interior design of a room
Are there any disadvantages?

Please note: Which loft style to choose in the interior - hipster or glamorous. Design features from materials to paintings on the wall.

To install vertical devices, you need a free section of the wall next to the window opening. Therefore, this solution is not suitable for a small room - in this case it is better to choose low batteries. If the window is very long, in severe frosts large heat losses are inevitable, since the vertical radiator may not cope with heating due to its specific location.

Brands

Profile

1. Which profile systems should you prefer when choosing windows?

If a price difference of 15 - 20% is not critical for you, it is better to choose profile systems from famous German manufacturers - KBE or Rehau. From my own experience: they differ from inexpensive domestic and Chinese-made profiles in that they are more rigid. This quality is very useful when there is a large window area and, accordingly, significant wind loads.

Rehau profiles have high rigidity due to the significant thickness of the steel liner.

Cheaper profiles usually have a thinner metal liner. At one time I chose the most inexpensive Chinese Hautec profile; in windy weather, a slight vibration of the frames is noticeable, which is not surprising given the size of each window 5x2.6 meters.

Accessories

1. Is it possible to save money on accessories?

No, no and NO. Wear or ill-conceived mechanics of low-quality fittings will mean loose closure of the sashes or constant jamming of the handles in intermediate positions.

Here, without any options, you should give preference to quality products from well-known manufacturers. I chose Siegenia - Aubi hardware; Besides this, the brands Winkhaus, Maco and Roto have earned good reviews on the Russian market.

Fittings Siegenia-Aibi. Highly recommend.

What should you pay attention to when selecting this or that fitting?

Here are instructions based on my own experience in using plastic windows:

• Hinged sashes must have a transom mode (when the sash tilts towards itself). It is desirable that there be a microventilation mode (fixing the sash when tilted in an intermediate position by turning the handle). The transom mode allows you to ventilate the room in the rain without fear of puddles on the floor, and microventilation will provide a limited flow of fresh air in the cold;
• The sash must be fixed in the closed position not only by the central lock, but also by pressure rollers at the bottom and top. It is the pressure when turning the handle that will ensure tightness. If the door is secured only by the lock tongue, the inevitable deformation of the profile will eventually leave gaps at the top and bottom of the opening.

Pressure rollers ensure tight closure of the sash.

Which heating radiators are suitable for panoramic windows

Today, when choosing apartments or houses, preference is often given to rooms with panoramic windows. This design solution makes the room brighter, visually spacious and comfortable. But there are disadvantages here, because it is known that the greatest heat loss is associated with windows. It will not be so easy to resolve the issue here, because it is unlikely that you will be able to find a place for a regular radiator. But there is still a solution - these are low heating radiators, which, thanks to their compact mountings, do not spoil the appearance or clutter up the windows.

Average prices for services

In order not to damage expensive equipment, many owners turn to installation organizations. The cost of this work depends on the type of work and the selected equipment :

• insulation of slopes, 600 rub./m.p.;
• water “warm floor”, 20,000 rub./m.p.;
• electric “warm floor”, 14,000 rub./m.p.;
• warm baseboard, 8000 rub./m.p.;
• electric floor convector, 4800 rub./m.p.;
• high radiator, RUB 3,500/piece;
• low radiator, RUB 2,300/piece;
• electrically heated glass with maximum configuration, RUB 20,000. /1 m2.

Conclusion: which batteries to choose?

For a small room or a room with a long window, choose low radiators. If space allows, a universal solution is vertical steel tubes. They are the most practical, easy to use, and beautiful.

If your budget is above average, explore designer lines: manufacturers such as the Italian brand IRSAP offer a lot of non-standard options. The battery can become an unusual decorative element that will add zest to the interior.

Sources

• https://vencon.ua/articles/osobennosti-otopleniya-pomeshcheniya-s-panoramnymi-oknami
• https://mr-build.ru/newteplo/otoplenie-panoramnyh-okon.html
• https://evrookna-mos.ru/kak-vybrat-radiator-pri-panoramnom-osteklenii.html
• https://www.tproekt.com/nizkie-radiatory-otopleniya/
• https://okna-dom.net/pravilnaya-ustanovka-radiatora-otopleniya-pod-oknom/
• https://okno-pro.ru/balkony/obogrev-panoramnogo-ostekleniya-2.html