How to choose the optimal size for a vestibule in a private home?

Some builders are sure that the vestibule is a useless part of a private house, the heating of which wastes energy. In contrast to this opinion, most owners consider a vestibule for the home to be a useful invention, and prefer to equip their home with it. Let's figure out what functions this compact room performs, what it is like, and what materials are best used for cladding and interior design.

Entrance vestibule design Source katlavan.ru

Tambour for the home: varieties, arrangement and design

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Some builders are sure that the vestibule is a useless part of a private house, the heating of which wastes energy. In contrast to this opinion, most owners consider a vestibule for the home to be a useful invention, and prefer to equip their home with it. Let's figure out what functions this compact room performs, what it is like, and what materials are best used for cladding and interior design.

Vestibule functions

Somewhere in the tropics, the layout of houses or cottages looks impressive and quite unusual to our eyes: from the front door you go straight into the living room. In our latitudes, such a situation is simply impossible to imagine, and the point is not at all in the lack of hospitality.

The layout of housing in temperate latitudes is greatly influenced by weather conditions. Anyone who has an idea of ​​the changeable Russian climate can understand why a warm vestibule is needed in a private home. In autumn, winter (and sometimes in summer), cold air rushes through the open front door, and only the vestibule can stop the cold from spreading further throughout the house.

This is the main function of a compact room: it serves as a reliable buffer, protecting the comfort of the home from the vagaries of Mother Nature. In summer it saves from dampness and dust, in winter – from cold, additionally helping to save on heating.

The vestibule is also convenient from a hygiene point of view - outerwear and outdoor shoes are stored in it. A sufficiently large extension has an additional advantage: it is convenient to store things for which there is no place in the house (for example, tools, seasonal clothes). Here they often place a staircase to the attic or second floor, or provide access to the garage.

Varieties

The tambour as an idea is implemented in several ways; Structurally, it is made into an extension or part of a residential building. There is also a division into warm (with heating) and cold rooms; There are differences in the way of lighting. A modern approach to the design of private housing offers three types of designs for entrance vestibules to the house.

In a traditional Russian house, a canopy was a non-residential and unheated frame structure, which was usually built along the entire length of one side. The size of the entryway showed their importance for everyday life.

The canopy served as a heat-saving barrier and a place where things and various equipment were kept. During the cold period they were used as a convenient pantry for food. In warm weather, guests were accommodated in the hallway for the night.

In modern houses, the size of the canopy has decreased significantly, as the priorities of the owners have changed, and few people maintain extensive subsidiary farming. Increasingly, the role of a canopy is played by a glazed and insulated porch or a small extension at the front door. Tools, gardening equipment and other things that are needed at hand continue to be stored in the entryway. Here they provide access to utility (garage, boiler room) and residential premises.

An additional advantage of the canopy is that it prevents the smells and sounds of technical rooms from leaking into the house. For full use, the canopy requires a window, but it is not necessary to heat it.

Hallway

A hallway means a small separate room behind the front door, which is included in the original project (it is not built separately). In small houses and apartments, the hallway is often combined with a corridor, which saves space. There is enough space to place shoe shelves, a mirror, and a closet for seasonal clothes.

In large houses, the entrance hall is transformed into a hall, a room of a larger area, but with similar functions. The hallway is part of the heating circuit of the home, so it is not heated additionally (a standard radiator will suffice). In well-thought-out designs, the hallway has a window, which allows you to save on lighting.

It is extremely useful to arrange ventilation in the hallway. This will allow you to quickly regulate air humidity, preventing condensation from occurring. In a room with exhaust ventilation, things will dry quickly; There is no need to worry about mold forming in the corners.

Veranda

A glazed veranda is a passage space between two entrance doors. This is a practical and therefore quite common way of organizing a vestibule, especially in the middle zone.

at half past six for men photo

The advantages of the veranda are large windows and an area sufficient to create a full-fledged recreation area. On a standard veranda you can find a table with a bench or two, cabinets and a variety of storage systems (drawers, shelves).

When cold weather sets in, the veranda becomes a full-fledged buffer, a thermal cushion that reduces heat loss. The disadvantage of the veranda is the need to ensure high-quality (sealed) insulation. Among other things, you will need an insulated entrance door and double-glazed windows. The result of the arrangement will be quite expensive.

Choosing a door design

According to FORUMHOUSE Ivanau member, air is one of the best insulation agents. That is why in old windows the craftsmen left a space between the frames (there is air space in modern double-glazed windows as well), and they certainly added a cold canopy to the house. If the layout and size of a private house does not allow for a few square meters to be allocated for the vestibule, the second door is installed in the same opening as the street one. One opens to the outside, and the other opens to the inside of the house. Cold currents of street air are retained here, which prevents the formation of condensation and frost (or, if the space between the doors is too small, it forms in smaller quantities).

FORUMHOUSE member Alexey4 :

– I have a large wooden house, the outer door is metal, and leaked in winter. I will put the second inner one - wooden or metal-plastic - in the same box.

What the entrance to the house should be like is something homeowners always consider with close attention. Traditionally, many people prefer a metal entrance door. But metal is different from metal. And the same designs that are suitable for a small apartment can create problems with freezing in an individual country house.

A metal door installed from the street must be insulated. Especially if there is no vestibule at all, and from the threshold you immediately enter the house, or you are planning to install an insulated veranda. You should also pay attention to the quality of the filler.

Advantages and disadvantages of fillers

Ametist: – I personally solved the problem of the “crying” door with 10 mm penofol. Time has shown that this year not a single drop formed, and it became really warmer on the veranda - previously the IR heater there could not raise it above +10C, but this winter it confidently stays above +15C.

Also today, manufacturers offer doors with a thermal break between layers of insulation, in which, together with traditional mineral wool, additional insulation and cork are used, which often reduces the risk of penetration of cold and some sounds from the street.

Look at other reviews from our forum members about designs with thermal breaks.

Dimensions

The size of the buffer zone is regulated by considerations of convenience. You should not refuse to design a vestibule in a private house just because it claims to be part of the living space, which is always in short supply. How spacious the room will be depends on several parameters.

Construction standards (SNiP and GOST) set minimum dimensions through the parameters of the depth and width of the room. With a minimum width of 1 m, the depth does not fall below 1.4 m. The limitation is related to the dimensions of the doors - there must be enough space so that they can open without interference and not interfere with the free movement of one person.

With a minimum size, the functionality of the vestibule as a buffer zone is preserved. The person leaving can close the inner door before the outer door is opened, and heat loss will be minimal.

There is a requirement due to fire safety regulations. According to him, both doors should open outward. In the event of an emergency, the inhabitants of the house will be able to leave the premises without hindrance.

A miniature vestibule-porch has a right to exist, but is not the optimal solution. It, of course, performs a protective function, but it is impossible to arrange any convenient storage spaces in it.

A design with a width of 3-4 m is more practical. In the middle room there is room for all the necessary items: wall shelves or a compact closet, a shoe shelf and a mirror. If you think that a closet is too bulky for such a room, you can limit yourself to hooks for outerwear. A medium-sized vestibule will free up useful space inside the house.

A spacious entrance area, the width of which reaches five meters or more, can be arranged according to the principle of a veranda, insulated, lighted and large windows designed. Upon completion of the work, storage shelves are installed in the vestibule and a cabinet is installed. If desired, it is easy to accommodate a small table and enjoy leisurely tea parties overlooking the surrounding landscape.

The main question to be resolved is whether to make the room warm or cold. Every decision has its positive sides. A cold vestibule reduces heating costs, and economy is in trend today. It may be convenient for a family with small children: the process of dressing can sometimes be delayed, and it is more comfortable to do it in a cool room.

A vestibule with heating has its advantages. If you install tubular radiators, they can be used for drying outerwear (usually children's clothes). A fragment of a heated floor (warm floor) can be conveniently used for drying shoes, while vegetables and fruits can be stored in cold corners.

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General planning elements of public buildings, fire safety equipment

General planning elements of public buildings, fire safety equipment

In any public buildings, regardless of their purpose, space-planning units can be identified that are common to all: lobbies, cloakrooms, toilets. In addition, in most public buildings, communication between individual rooms is carried out using horizontal and vertical communications (corridors, stairs, elevators), the location and size of which depend on the functional purpose of the building, its capacity, composition, sanitary and fire safety requirements. The entrance group of premises includes vestibules, a vestibule, and a wardrobe. The installation of an entrance vestibule, which serves as an air-heat lock, is mandatory for all year-round public buildings located in climatic regions I, II, III, 1UG. There should be three doors along the flow of visitors in climatic regions I and II and two in Climatic Regions III and IV. In particularly cold climatic conditions with constantly blowing winds, vestibules should be located on the windward side of the building and made in the form of several locks, sequentially located one behind the other. friend or with one or two twists. However, the latter is permitted only in buildings with low levels of human traffic and only in winter. In summer, such vestibules should be transformed. In buildings where there is a continuous flow of visitors, such as large stores, a thermal curtain is created in the vestibules. Tambours are usually built into the volume of the building, but sometimes they are also made in the form of extensions. In both cases, its depth must be sufficient for the doors to open and close freely. According to evacuation requirements, all doors must open outward. In buildings with intense human traffic, doors can be opened in both directions (swing doors). The width of the vestibules must exceed the width of the doorways by at least 0.15 m on each side, and the depth must exceed the width of the door leaves by at least 0.2 m, but be at least 1.2 m. However, these dimensions are minimal. In large public buildings they should be increased. The vestibules are illuminated with natural light through glazed doors, transoms and vestibule walls. In front of the entrance to the building, a raised platform is arranged so that the floor level of the premises at the entrance is at least 15 cm higher than the sidewalk level in front of the entrance. If the platform is raised above the sidewalk by more than 0.75 m, it, together with the external staircase, must have a fence. In public buildings, as a rule, service or auxiliary entrances are installed in addition to the main one. In some buildings, such as large indoor stadiums, there are several entrances for spectators (for each sector) and entrances for athletes and staff. Lobbies, as well as entrances, are divided into main and service. Theater and cinema buildings have separate box office lobbies. The main lobby with a wardrobe opens up the building to the visitor, and it is from here that the opening of the interior space begins. While in the lobby, the visitor should see the placement of communications; from here the perspectives of stairs, elevator halls, corridors or a suite of rooms should be revealed.

Interior design

Creating a convenient and practical entrance area is the main task of the vestibule in the house; but the design of the building is no less important. In order for it to maintain functionality, they think through not only the exterior, but also the interior decoration.

The inside of the vestibule is a walk-through area, and the quality of the flooring is of paramount importance. It is subject to requirements for wear resistance, resistance to temperature fluctuations and dampness. The floor should not slip and be subject to frequent cleaning.

These conditions correspond to a tiled floor (stone or ceramic) or porcelain stoneware covering. High-quality linoleum is suitable as a budget replacement. A plank or laminate floor will require additional effort (periodic treatment), and will still wear out faster.

blind room 11 letters crossword puzzle

Why is it needed?

In traditional Russian housing, there was usually a canopy in front of the entrance. They could take the form of an extension or be located inside, connecting the residential and utility parts of the house. In wealthy houses, canopies were built in the idea of ​​a terrace, often located high, supported by pillars and decorated with wooden latticework (as is sung in the song about new, maple, lattice canopies).

The tradition, somewhat modified, has been preserved in modern private housing construction. When the walls of modern extensions are made glazed, the extension itself is called a veranda. The vestibules have become varied in type and size, but the room still performs the following functions:

• Maintains optimal temperature conditions. The design of the vestibule in the house must have two doors. They open in turn and therefore do not allow external and internal air to mix directly, and living spaces are protected from cold in winter and heat in summer. As a bonus, the vestibule traps dust, dirt and noise.

• Serves as a storage place. No matter how small the space is, there is a way to use it efficiently. A small vestibule provides space for outerwear, shoes, umbrellas and bags. If the space allows, the owners are happy to organize storage spaces in the form of a variety of shelves and cabinets.
• Connects the residential and commercial parts. In many houses, through the vestibule you can get to the boiler room or garage; the latter is especially convenient on rainy autumn or frosty winter mornings.
• Decorates the house. A well-planned extension, be it a compact gateway or a veranda, makes the house more harmonious and interesting. It is important to match the design and materials.

Briefly about the main thing

In most of Russia, equipping a private house with a vestibule is not a whim, but a necessity. The idea can be implemented in different ways: you can confine yourself to the hallway, build a canopy or veranda. The designs vary in size and design, but perform the same functions.

In order for any of these rooms to properly serve as a buffer, it is necessary to think through their arrangement, lighting and insulation. The vestibule can be made warm or cold, each option has its own advantages.

Tambours are built from a variety of materials: brick, wood, glass and plastic. Lighter, wind-protective structures are made from polycarbonate and siding. In interior design, special attention is paid to the flooring material.

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Video description

About the experience of using a vestibule in the Middle Urals in the following video:

• Polycarbonate. It produces an economical transparent structure that reliably protects from wind and rain. Installation is simple; An additional plus is that polycarbonate can be given a curved shape and create an original building with rounded walls.
• Glass. It is chosen to decorate the entrance to a wooden house with a vestibule in the form of a veranda. This solution looks impressive and offers a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape. The disadvantages of the glass project are the high cost of implementation and the need for regular cleaning of the glass.

Tambour on the high porch Source lr-studio.ru

• Siding. The frame is covered with siding (and inside, for example, with clapboard) and insulated; It turns out to be budgetary and practical. The material is easy to work with, and the market offers various colors and textures; therefore, the design can be easily coordinated with the decoration of the house.
• Metal. Corrugated metal sheet is quite cheap (only plastic is cheaper), easy to install, and resistant to natural influences. Due to its good performance it is becoming an increasingly common solution.

The finishing of the entrance area can be made from a combination of materials. Tandems of brick and glass, or wood and glass are popular. The roof is designed as a single or gable structure that does not allow snow and water to remain.

Construction of a glazed vestibule Source mebel-go.ru

What is called a vestibule in a private house?

A vestibule is a kind of “corridor” located between two doors: the entrance street doors and the interior doors leading into the house. This corridor can be either very modest in size, sufficient for one person to move, or it can be a spacious room with hangers, benches and shoe racks.

Tambour in the hallway of a private house photo

Is a vestibule needed in a private house? The vestibule is often called a buffer between the street and the house. And this is true, because the flow of cold air rushing in from the street does not penetrate the house, but lingers in the vestibule. And when you open the door leading to the living quarters, the cold penetrates only in small quantities. Thus, we can highlight the following advantages of the entrance vestibule in a private house.

What about the double door? Doesn't it really protect the living space from the penetration of cold? In an apartment, yes, but in a private house, no. And all because in this case there is no protective zone, and the cold flow has nowhere to accumulate, so it immediately enters the house without stopping. Both doors are at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other. To enter the house, you open the outer door and immediately open the inner door, and the cold goes straight into the living space in transit.

What to do if the house does not have a vestibule? This often happens when a house is purchased ready-made and not built from scratch. After spending one winter in a house without a buffer space, the owners decide to insulate the entrance to the house, and as the weather warms up, they begin construction work. Most often, a small room of 1-3 square meters is completed. m, its roof is covered with roofing material, an entrance door is installed. These few square meters will provide reliable protection for the desired temperature in the house.

Is insulation and heating necessary?

The main function of the vestibule is to form a protective zone in which the air is still, thereby reducing the outflow of heat from the front door. Thus, a small extension protects the door well from freezing, although the temperature inside is only a few degrees higher than outside. However, the vestibule can also be used for more practical purposes.

A typical example is when it is necessary to dress a child: if you do this in a heated room, then at least one person will be dressed warmly and will definitely overheat. Many such actions are easier to carry out in a cool vestibule, which, even with minimal insulation, will not release the heat that penetrates from the house along with heated air through the open door.

It is not difficult to insulate a vestibule: for frame walls, insulation is provided in the cells between the posts; a stone extension can be safely insulated from the inside with materials with a reflective surface. In this case, there should be no main heating in the vestibule: removing even several sections of the radiator will significantly cool the coolant.

In general, the ideal option would be to organize a cold and warm zone along the floor in the vestibule. The latter is a small piece of heating cable laid in the floor in one of the inner corners. In this place you can keep outdoor shoes, which, due to heating, will dry well overnight. And in the opposite corner a cold zone is formed for cooling cooked food and storing vegetables.

Selecting the degree of glazing

For an attached vestibule, it is highly desirable to glaze about 20–25% of the wall area, but this is not always advisable. The benefits of glazing will be obvious only with sufficiently high-quality insolation, for example, if the vestibule is located on the south side of the house, on the southeast or southwest corners.

The degree of glazing has no restrictions only if heating is not planned in the vestibule. Currently, glazing systems based on aluminum and PVC are extremely popular. In the summer, the glazed vestibule will be like a steam room, where it is unbearably hot, but in the winter, the high thermal conductivity of the glass walls will not allow heat to be retained.

On the other hand, the complete absence of windows in the vestibule is also not desirable. Even a minimum of natural light will make using the extension much more convenient. One narrow window about a meter high with one tilt-and-turn sash will be enough. Naturally, the window should be placed on the most illuminated side of the vestibule.

An example of a vestibule made entirely of translucent materials. It protects from bad weather and looks very impressive, but is not able to retain heat.

What types of vestibules are there in a private house?

A vestibule is not only a quiet room of modest size without windows. Other structures can also be used as a buffer, the main task of which is to retain cold, heat and dust from the street.

Entrance vestibule in a private house photo Entrance vestibule in a private house photo

Whatever configuration and whatever size you choose, the vestibule is necessary in your home. Even if it is a room of very modest size, even unheated, it must exist.

4g signal amplifier kit for summer cottage

Design of a vestibule in a private house photo

Foundation, porch and walls

Let us note right away that vestibules can be classified as warm and cold, and the presence of heating does not play a role in this classification. We are talking about the location of the vestibule relative to the building plan: it can be located inside the thermal contour of the house, or partially or completely outside it. The first case is quite trivial from a construction point of view, because today even amateurs can divide internal rooms with partitions. Therefore, in the future we will focus on the construction of the attached vestibule.

Attaching a vestibule to a building is not an entirely simple task; the reason for this is the uneven settlement of the soil, which has already settled under the house, and will still settle within a few centimeters under the vestibule. Therefore, the foundation for the vestibule must be closed or, at least, connected by a lintel of a smaller cross-section, as well as separated from the base of the house by an XPS expansion joint. In general, for the construction of a vestibule, a shallow strip foundation (MSLF) with an insulated blind area is recommended, the distance from the edge of which to the supporting edge of the foundation is obviously greater than the freezing depth in a particular region. Under the tape, be sure to place a backfill of sand and gravel, compacted in layers.

It is desirable that the blind area on the side of the front door has a raised area about 100–120 cm wide and about 80 cm deep. The height of the porch should be at least 100 cm lower than the tape; it is recommended to pour this part monolithically with the foundation, having previously tied the reinforcement of both parts between themselves. The construction of walls can begin 10–14 days after the completion of concrete work. The wall material can be absolutely anything - from cinder block to wooden frame and sandwich panels. However, it is recommended to start building walls with a small parapet about 40 cm high, made of warm masonry material, such as aerated concrete block. Like the foundation, the walls of the extension must have a damping joint where they adjoin the house. Mechanical connection of frame walls with permanent enclosing structures is allowed.

How to arrange a vestibule: interior decoration

The design of the vestibule, as well as its interior decoration, depends on the functional purpose of this room and the materials from which the house is built. If this is a walk-through unheated corridor, then there will be few finishing options, but if it is a full-fledged hallway, then it is allowed to use a wider range of finishing materials.

How to arrange a vestibule in a private house photo

As for arranging a vestibule in a private house, it is completed with suitable furniture - floor cabinets or shelves, cabinets or hangers, soft ottomans or a sofa. If the room is not large in size, then you should not clutter it with an extra piece of furniture. It’s better not to put an ottoman or shoe rack than to clutter up an already small space.

Author of the article Alexander Kulikov

Exterior finishing materials

To build the structure, they try to use the material from which the house was built; this is guaranteed to give the composition a harmonious look. But no one forbids choosing any other material if the replacement is equivalent. For example, a combination of brick or concrete walls with a glazed entrance looks stylish.

A fairly wide range of materials is used for the construction of a vestibule in a private house; The following options are suitable for exterior design:

• Tree. A wooden vestibule is the best solution for a house made of timber or logs. The building will be durable and stylish in appearance, subject to timely maintenance and periodic (every 8-10 years) treatment with antiseptics.

Wood paneling in a modern style Source reussirsaveranda.fr

• Brick. The extension turns out to be capital, resistant to wear and weather factors; it looks good next to a brick house. Despite the high cost of construction, a brick vestibule has its advantages: it can do without interior decoration, and during operation it will serve to protect the wall of the house from the cold.
• PVC panels and PVC windows. Suitable for installing both warm and cold vestibules. The structure is erected quickly and has acceptable sound and heat insulation.

Brick, glass and metal Source stroy-podskazka.ru

Roof and connection to the façade

Regardless of the roof configuration, it is recommended to bring the walls into a common plane so that the ends form an almost finished mauerlat. It is enough to attach a massive beam of about 100x150 mm to the walls, after which you can begin installing the rafter system, the type of which determines the shape of the vestibule roof.

The simplest and most cost-effective option would be a pitched roof, based on several sloping trusses. It is desirable that the slope from the roof of the vestibule is not directed towards the entrance door, while the release of the sheathing will allow the formation of a sufficiently wide soffit that can replace the canopy over the porch. The main benefit of this design is the simplest way to interface the roofing with the facade wall. It is enough to make a slot in the stone with a disk and insert the side of the Z-shaped strip into it, sealing the junction with silicone sealant.

A slightly more complex type of roof would be a half-hip or gable roof with a small gable. In this case, the junction with the wall of the house will be formed by two inclined sections. These connections, as in the case of a pitched roof, are made with Z-shaped strips, which overlap the full width in the ridge area, overlapping each other. Under the overlap of the planks adjacent to the wall, you should generously blow silicone or bitumen sealant, and then press the connection with hardware. An additional complexity when constructing such a roof appears when installing the ridge: in order to mask the overlap of the abutment strips, it may be necessary to manufacture a special cutting element - a ridge cap with an external flap.

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Installation of entrance and internal doors

It remains to figure out the last nuance - how to correctly place the internal and external doors. It all depends on whether any valuable property will be stored in the vestibule. If so, then the external door must be strong steel, that is, access to the house is fenced off at the entrance to the vestibule itself. In this case, the front door is not subject to freezing and ice formation, but the inside door must be insulated.

If there is nothing valuable in the vestibule, then the main door can be placed inside, making access to the annex practically unlimited or with the installation of the simplest English lock. Please note that a distance of 2–2.5 steps must be maintained between two doors so that in cold weather they are guaranteed not to be open at the same time. Ideally, both doors should open into the vestibule.

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