Triple-hung window - where should such a structure be installed?

Sealed window units with double-glazed windows have long been installed in all modern apartment buildings and private residential buildings.
According to current regulatory requirements, in residential apartments each door of a translucent structure must open, which greatly increases the safety of users.

Triple-leaf windows are high-tech structures that are widely installed at civilian facilities in any region of the country.

What does the concept mean?

A three-leaf window is a translucent structure that is mounted in the external walls of residential and public buildings.
Consists of three movable or blind elements separated from each other by vertical or horizontal imposts.

Each sash, regardless of its design, is equipped with its own sealed double-glazed window.

A translucent block is inserted into the frame of interconnected profile elements, which is subsequently fixed with clamping beads.

Note. Triple-hung windows can be rectangular, arched, or trapezoidal, which is determined by the location of their installation and the architectural features of the building.

When and where is installation possible?

Installation of three-leaf window structures is possible in the following types of residential and public buildings, as well as in their structural elements :

1. Halls and other used spaces of apartments with a premises area of ​​18 m2 or more.
2. All external walls have window openings, the width of which ranges from 1650 to 3000 mm.
3. Private residential buildings, including those with double-height spaces, if such window structures satisfy the space-planning and design requirements.
4. Residential and public multi-storey rear buildings, if three-hung windows were originally laid down in the architectural design.

At the same time, it is impractical :

1. Window openings with a width of less than 900 – 1200 mm.
2. External walls of residential or public buildings, if opening doors are not provided for them for sanitary, hygienic or fire safety reasons.
3. In the event that the installation of such window blocks cannot be carried out without written approval from the Committee on Architecture and Urban Planning of the district.
4. Subject to the existence of other restrictions on the installation of three-leaf window units.

Important. Before glazing an object, it is recommended to develop a working design in advance, and then perform a calculation of the energy efficiency of the premises and compile a list of the characteristics of the future window in tabular form.

Features and benefits

Three-leaf plastic windows for residential buildings began to be used relatively recently. This window is quite large, so the appearance of the facade will be very specific. Previously, such structures were more often used for administrative buildings, but they are gradually becoming popular among private developers. Modern technologies make it possible to install window structures of almost any size.

A three-leaf PVC window is convenient for those rooms where a large amount of light is required. Due to the large glazing area, the living space is visually perceived as larger; such a window looks especially good if it offers a good view of nature. The design of the structure itself also looks original, emphasizing not only the style of the room, but also its rich decoration.

In order to install such a window, a wide window opening is required. When designing a country house, they usually immediately take this into account and leave room for a three-leaf structure. It is worth noting that the shape of the window may be non-standard. Such products are classified as elite; they cost an order of magnitude more, but they fully justify themselves with their original design and high performance characteristics.

Many people are no longer satisfied with standard plastic windows. Do you need a window in a plastic window? Read about this in detail on our website. Here you can also read about the requirements for modern PVC windows. It is important to be able to understand plastic windows so that the purchase does not upset you.

Have you decided to install windows? How to calculate the size of a PVC window, read the link

Varieties

There is a wide range of 3 casement windows on the market, which are classified into several basic categories.

Silent version

They are installed in private residential buildings or apartments where the installation of movable sashes is not required.

Advantages:

• provide the maximum level of insolation;
• perform exclusively the role of enclosing structures, which guarantees a low retail cost of products.

Flaws:

• the impossibility of servicing and cleaning such windows from the premises;
• the difficulty of carrying out repair work in case of breakage or breakage.

With opening doors

They are installed in every modern apartment or private residential building, if such a design is provided for by the project.

Advantages:

• along with insolation of the room, they allow you to ventilate the room, which increases the air exchange rate;
• opening parts prevent the development of mold, the growth of bacteria and the formation of condensation.

Flaws:

• high price;
• difficulty of adjustment;
• the need for periodic maintenance of fittings.

With portal sliding structures

They are mounted both on verandas or terraces, and to differentiate between warm and cold circuits in houses with attached outdoor spaces.

Advantages:

• when the doors are opened, they do not interfere with the use of the usable space of the room;
• All 3 sashes, as a rule, are made in a design independent from each other, which makes it possible to adjust the width of the opening.

Flaws:

• the appearance of thermal inhomogeneity due to the installation of the sash on roller supports;
• the need for periodic cleaning and maintenance of the runners;
• transmission of vibrations from the street to the room is possible.

Panoramic window units

Glazing of balconies and loggias, stained glass windows are characterized by the absence of the lower part of the outer wall; the frame is mounted directly into the floor.

Advantages:

• provide excellent visual characteristics;
• transfer less load to the floor than full-fledged main walls.

Flaws:

• require the installation of energy-efficient double-glazed windows;
• when installing on different floors, tempered glass or triplex may be required;
• the highest price for translucent elements in this category.

Note. Each of the listed window blocks can be made from wooden, plastic or aluminum profiles, which affects both the physical and mechanical characteristics and the final cost of the product.

Which sashes should I choose for a 3-hung window?

Let's look at the most common standard rectangular 3-hung window. There is a GOST requirement for the presence of non-opening sashes in the window:

This requirement is a safety requirement and must be fulfilled. Failure to comply may result in falling out when washing the window.

Photo: This method of cleaning a 3-hung window can result in a fall out resulting in serious injury or death.

The figure shows various schemes for opening a 3-hung window with a valid and invalid solution.

Photo: diagrams for opening a three-leaf window: the top row is incorrect (X), the bottom row is correct (V). In the bottom row, the 2nd option is more preferable: if you need to ventilate the room more, then it is better to install 2 sashes at once with a tilt-and-turn mode . Tilt and turn ventilation is 500 rubles more expensive than rotary ventilation, but it has more advantages.

Advantages of tilt-and-turn ventilation over rotary ventilation:

• Possibility to ventilate the apartment in a safe manner;
• You can leave the flaps folded and leave the house, provided that you use special anti-burglary strikers that maintain burglary resistance when ventilated (described below in the article);
• The sash is fixed in the folding position and will not “dangle” from the wind. There is no need to install an additional comb or “stopper” to fix the sash;
• The sash will not hit the wall slope and will not injure a person;
• Will not overcool the apartment; Photo: ventilating a room in winter using a swing flap leads to hypothermia in the room
• You can add micro-ventilation to the tilt-and-turn mode and get comfortable ventilation in winter;
• You can put a child lock or a handle with a key on the swing-out flap and calmly ventilate the apartment without threatening the child’s life;
• There is no need for vents, which increase the cost of the window and reduce the light opening;
• Less prone to sagging. The design of the tilt-and-turn sash allows it to rest when ventilating on one side on the window hinge, and on the other on the striker, which protects the sash from sagging;
• Less load on window hinges in ventilation mode, which means a longer service life.

Characteristics

Each three-leaf window, which is produced by officially registered companies, is supplied with a quality certificate.

The document indicates the main technical characteristics of products of the category being soaked :

1. The area of ​​fixed double-leaf windows is up to 11 – 12 m2.
2. The area of ​​a window block with 3 movable sashes is up to 8.0 – 9.0 m2.
3. Noise insulation – from 45 dB and above.
4. Thermal conductivity of a double-glazed window is from 0.72 W/mC.
5. The thickness of the PVC profile is from 55 mm or more for a warm contour, from 30 mm for a cold contour.
6. The window can be equipped with a U-shaped steel reinforcing profile.
7. The thickness of the outer wall of the polymer frame is from 2.2 mm.
8. The number of cameras in a double-glazed window is 1 or 2.
9. The thickness of the glass is at least 4 – 5 mm, depending on the strength calculation and the installation elevation.
10. The thickness of the air gap between the glasses in a double-glazed window is 10–16 mm; energy-efficient double-glazed windows can be filled with argon or krypton.

When purchasing a window with 3 sashes, it is recommended to check for a state certificate, which indicates the high quality of the product.

Installation of plastic windows Accurately and on time

Before starting work on an order, our specialists go to the site of the future installation and independently take all the necessary measurements. This helps not only to order plastic windows that perfectly fit your dimensions, but also to carry out installation in accordance with GOST . Our workers use only high-quality fasteners and high-quality equipment.

• 1 day Measurement
• 2-5 days Manufacturing
• Day 6 Installation

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Dimensions

All standard windows with 3 sashes, which can be found on wide sale, have the following overall dimensions :

1. The minimum size of the movable sash cannot be less than 300 x 300 mm for design reasons. That is, if necessary, a manufacturing company can produce a window unit with 3 sashes and dimensions of 900 x 300 mm.
2. The maximum size of a standard casement window cannot be more than 1200 mm, that is, the maximum size of a 3-leaf window unit should be 3600 mm.
3. The maximum permissible height of a swing sash is 2400 mm.
4. The dimensions of the swing elements of the window unit are limited by weight - 70 kg. If these parameters are exceeded, the standard fittings must be replaced with reinforced ones that are not subject to significant deformation.
5. When installing blind sashes with 2 vertical or horizontal imposts, their dimensions should not exceed 2500 x 3000 mm.
6. In the case of installing a portal sliding structure, the width of the sash can reach up to 1500 mm, height – 2400 mm.

Note. When purchasing standard dimensions of a window unit that comply with GOST, the consumer can be confident in the maintainability and interchangeability of the design, regardless of the supplier.

For panel houses and Khrushchev buildings

Most of the new model panel houses, as well as Khrushchev-era buildings, were built according to standard serial designs. In this regard, the windows in them have standardized dimensions :

1. For Khrushchev:
   for halls with an area of ​​more than 15 m2, the three-leaf window has dimensions of 2150 x 1550 mm;
2. in old 5-story residential buildings built from the 50s to the 70s, the size of the largest window block with 3 sashes should be 1740 x 1400 mm;
3. for Khrushchev with an improved layout, the dimensions of the window blocks are 1900 x 1560 mm.
4. For modern panel houses:
   the minimum size in an economy class house is 1800 x 1500 mm;
5. modern panel houses, which are built taking into account current regulatory requirements - 2100 x 1800 mm;
6. social housing, provided that the room area exceeds 17 m2 - 1950 x 1550 mm.

Note. Most companies that target a wide range of clients often indicate in their catalogs which type of panel building each product is suitable for.

Non-standard windows

The standard size of a three-leaf plastic window is not always required. Windows can not only have different shapes, but also differ in the size of the sashes and blind inserts. Most often, there is a blind insert in the middle, which is the widest part of the structure, but there are models when the insert is equal in size to the sashes or even narrower than them. The more blind sashes and the larger their size, the cheaper it will be to purchase the structure, but the more inconvenient it will be to maintain.

A three-leaf window is an original solution for a living space. It will give more light and create a cozy and unusual interior. It is important to choose the right windows that will fit well into the design, fit in size and suit your price.

Requirements

In accordance with current standards, the following technical requirements are imposed :

1. 
   Mechanical strength of the profile - when pulsating wind loads are applied, the window unit should not be deformed.

2. Thermal performance indicators of the structure must satisfy the passport data and operational requirements for the room.
3. Translucent elements must ensure the estimated duration of insolation of living rooms.
4. The fittings, depending on the reliability category, must provide at least 20 - 60 thousand complete cycles of opening and closing the window sash without deformation.
5. A three-leaf window installed in an apartment should last at least 15 – 25 years.
6. Increased level of environmental friendliness - plastic parts should not emit toxic substances when heated.
7. Resistance to aggressive environments - the window should not lose its performance properties under the influence of atmospheric moisture, ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes.

Note. If the window unit has a certificate of conformity, then its technical characteristics fully satisfy all the requirements listed above.

Typical sizes

There is a standard three-leaf window, the dimensions of which may differ slightly from one manufacturer to another, but this design can be purchased ready-made. Most developers leave window openings specifically for a standard window, the purchase of which will cost much less than ordering a structure of the required size. Therefore, if you are only at the stage of designing a room, you should rely on the common size of the structure. Standard three-hung windows usually have the following parameters:

• 170×141.
• 170×142.
• 142×203.
• 141×203.
• 142×268.
• 142×236.
• 110×236.
• 141×205.
• 141×170.

Knowing the dimensions of a standard three-leaf plastic window , you can not only initially include them in the project, saving in the future on the cost of the structure and not bothering yourself with finding a suitable one in stores, but also calculate its approximate cost. After all, ordering a non-standard product can cost differently from different companies.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that sometimes developers make openings in apartments for three-leaf windows, but the following problem may arise: builders do not always comply with GOST requirements, which is why the window opening may have 10-15 centimeter discrepancies. Before buying windows, you need to measure each opening: it is possible that in the same room different window elements will not be the same. However, excess space can be filled in, but if the opening turns out to be smaller than required, it is not recommended to split it; it is better to order a window structure of the required size.

Installation

When installing three-leaf translucent structures, it is necessary to take into account a number of important nuances :

1. Given the large dimensions of the window unit, before fixing it, it is necessary to wedge the frame in the opening with mounting wedges to create a gap around the entire perimeter. The size of this joint must be at least 15 mm around the entire perimeter.
2. To maintain the energy efficiency of the room and prevent freezing of the window opening, it is recommended to install the profile strictly above the point of formation of the dew point, which is determined through thermal engineering calculations.
3. To prevent condensation from forming on the inner surface of the glass unit, it is recommended to cover the filling of the foam joint with a vapor-permeable waterproofing membrane.
4. In order to increase the thermal performance of the window unit and not cause the formation of cold bridges, it is recommended to additionally insulate the slopes around the entire perimeter.
5. Immediately after installing the sashes, it is necessary to check the tightness of their connection when closed, as well as the absence of distortion. If necessary, you need to adjust the fittings.

Important. To control the quality of the installation, when the first cold weather sets in, it is recommended to conduct a thermal imaging inspection of an apartment or private house to ensure that there are no significant heat losses.

The main nuances of installing plastic three-leaf windows:

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PVC profile 6 chamber 76-82 mm 3 glasses: 42 mm Price: 28.990 25.990 rub

This is the only choice - if you want only the best! Turnkey three-leaf window in a panel house: ⭐ Profile: DECEUNINCK, VEKA, KBE, REHAU ⭐ One tilt-and-turn sash and two fixed sash ⭐ window size: 2020*1400 mm , ROTO / MACO fittings ⭐ dismantling the old and installing a new window is included in the price , ⭐ ebb 150 mm , window sill 200 mm , slopes 150 mm , STIZ-A
8(8482)65-01-73 ✔ When will the window be measured and delivered? — If measured on 10/28/2020, then delivery on 11/05/2020 ✔ How much is the prepayment for installments ? — 50%, installments WITHOUT Bank for 3 months . ✔ Can I pay by credit card? — Yes, you can through the terminal ✔ Where are windows made? — Our factory, here nearby — ✔ Who will install the windows and when? — The work will be performed by full-time installers from 11/06/2020 to 11/07/2020. ✔ What will happen to the garbage? — We will pack it and take it to the forest site ✔ How long is the guarantee? — Warranty on all windows from the factory for up to 5 years — until 10/27/2025 ✔ If we do not have time to install the windows before 11/11/2020 - 11/12/2020, we will return the entire prepayment + a 100% fine. Tashkent/Makarovka/St Moscow: additional payment 1600 rubles Brick house: additional payment 2000 rubles

Pros and cons of use

Window units with 3 sashes are very popular among property owners due to the presence of a lot of undeniable advantages :

1. Wide windows guarantee increased insolation of the premises.
2. Three opening doors allow you to effectively ventilate the room.
3. Easy to maintain and clean the window.
4. Possibility of adjusting each leaf independently of each other.
5. Possibility of providing slot ventilation in winter.
6. Each modern trunnion for window units allows you to adjust the degree of pressure, switch winter mode to summer, which provides an additional flow of fresh air into the room throughout the warm season.

At the same time, despite the large number of advantages, consumers also face a number of disadvantages :

1. High retail cost of window blocks.
2. Risk of distortion of each sash during operation.
3. The need for periodic maintenance of fittings.
4. Reduced thermal properties of a translucent structure.

Note. Considering that the disadvantages are subjective, the demand for such window designs is growing every year.

Roto NX fittings are the best option for three-leaf windows

In 2022, the world leader in the production of fittings for windows and doors, the German company Roto Frank, launched the new 6th generation of window fittings - Roto NX . These are fittings for the manufacture of tilt-and-turn and tilt-and-turn windows. It replaced the well-known and loved by window owners - Roto NT .

The new fittings have received a number of significant advantages:

• More reliability. The new standard hinges in Roto NX can withstand 30% more loads - up to 130 kg per sash, and reinforced hinges - up to 150 kg.
  Modern windows are becoming larger and heavier, so the new model of fittings is the optimal solution for any apartments and houses; Photo: Roto NX fittings have increased reliability and an attractive appearance*
• New coating and stylish design . The stylish silver finish of the fittings is a decoration for any modern window;
• Anti-corrosion coating Roto Sil Level 6 belongs to the highest resistance class 5 with a guarantee of at least 10 years, which provides reliable protection against corrosion. Roto NX fittings can be installed in regions with extreme harsh weather conditions and maritime climates;
• Smoother and softer opening due to the use of polymer materials in the hinges - even a child can open a heavy door;
• Micro-ventilation in the basic configuration will allow you to comfortably ventilate the room during the cold season;
  Photo: standard scissors on the frame of the Roto NX fittings provide the possibility of micro-ventilation*
• Anti-burglary in ventilation mode - a new option (special anti-burglary strikers) will increase the security of the house even in the absence of residents. There will always be fresh air in the room.
  Photo: Roto NX anti-burglary fittings: 1) anti-burglary striker, 2) anti-burglary striker for ventilation mode, 3) the window in ventilation mode is protected from intruders*

  In 2022, the model will completely replace the Roto NT.

Average prices in the Russian Federation

Triple-hung windows are sold by official trade missions of most specialized manufacturing enterprises in the country.

Considering the high level of competition, prices for such translucent elements for filling openings are approximately the same :

1. Plastic blind window structures with 3 insulated double-glazed windows - from 5.5 - 7.5 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
2. Wooden fixed windows – from 7 – 9 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
3. Aluminum fixed windows - from 6.5 - 9.5 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
4. PVC structures with 3 detachable sashes - from 8.5 - 11 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
5. Wooden structures with 3 detachable doors - from 10 - 13 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
6. Aluminum structures with 3 detachable doors – from 9 – 12 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
7. Panoramic windows – from 13 – 18 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
8. Cold glazing of a balcony with 3 opening sashes – from 6 – 8.5 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
9. Stained glass window units – from 15 – 20 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.
10. Sliding portal structures – from 20 – 22 thousand rubles. for 1 m2.

Important. The final cost of structures is determined by estimates and depends on many direct and indirect factors, including the volume of the order, as well as the company’s internal marketing policy.

According to the shape of the window opening

The level of modern technology and the design features of PVC windows allow them to be manufactured in almost any shape. This is actively used by designers and architects when designing a wide variety of buildings and structures. The use of window structures of various shapes allows you to give the house an original and sophisticated look, being the most important element of the appearance of any building.

In addition to standard rectangular windows, used almost everywhere and in all standard projects, in recent years original shapes have become widespread - triangular, trapezoidal, etc. They are increasingly used in individual projects, as well as in the construction of private houses and cottages.

Rice. 12. Window of original shape.

Triangular plastic windows

The main area of ​​application of triangular windows is private houses and cottages in which the building has a pointed roof. In this case, a triangular window can fit perfectly into the appearance of the structure, giving it a complete and aesthetic appearance.

No less often, triangular window structures are used when developing design projects in high-tech or even modern classic style.

It should be borne in mind that in the manufacture of this type of window, slightly more materials are consumed than for a standard rectangular one. Therefore, the cost of a triangular window is usually slightly higher.

Rice. 13. Triangular shape.

Rectangular plastic windows

It is not surprising that rectangular PVC windows are the most common. The versatility of the design, the minimum consumption of materials during manufacturing and, accordingly, the lowest cost of products, the possibility of almost universal use - all this has made rectangular windows made of polyvinyl chloride the most popular window design.

Photo

Different options for three-leaf windows:

Simple tips on how to choose plastic windows

It has been experimentally proven and confirmed by calculations that 40-50% of heat loss in a building occurs through door and window openings. Half of the budget you set aside for heating your home is wasted. Money down the drain!

This situation can be corrected in a simple and effective way - by installing high-quality doors and plastic windows in an apartment or country cottage.

Today's consumers, looking through window products, ask the question: “How to choose the right plastic window?” Many people pay close attention to the materials used to make products, performance characteristics, etc. Of course, these are important parameters. But when choosing plastic windows, we must not forget about the sizes and shapes of the openings themselves, details of external/internal finishing, and methods of sealing.

High-quality plastic windows should:

• Firstly, prevent heat loss in the house;
• Secondly, do not allow dust and moisture into the interior;
• Thirdly, isolate the rooms from street noise as much as possible;
• Fourth, be convenient in everyday use;
• Fifth, be durable.

Also the most important parameter by which the quality of PVC windows is determined is the natural illumination of the interior of the building. It depends on the shape, size and location of the windows.

Choosing plastic windows: key features

An architect can calculate the window parameters for a particular room as accurately as possible in accordance with the requirements of SNiP and GOST for thermal protection of buildings.

But if precise calculations are not required, then you can approximately determine these parameters yourself.

Recommendations for choosing PVC windows:

1. Plastic windows should be 5.5-8 times smaller than the floor area:

• Following this recommendation, the window area in a room of 20 m2 should be in the range of 2.5-3.5 m2;
• When choosing plastic windows for the attic, a floor/window area ratio of 1:10 is possible;
• If other buildings are built around the house, tall trees are planted, then the total glazing area can be increased;

2. The larger the total glazing area of ​​the room, the more effectively the windows should be sealed

3. When choosing plastic windows, you must also pay attention to the layout of the rooms. Windows in the rooms should be located to the south, southeast or southwest. Utility rooms are usually located in the northern part of the house. Tips for choosing plastic windows:

on the north side of the house, where utility rooms are located, the glazing area can be reduced;

4. The functional purpose of the interior of the house affects the installation height of window products:

• In a children's room or bedroom, windows should be mounted at a height of 70-100 centimeters from the floor - this will provide an excellent view of the surrounding area;
• In the kitchen, window products are installed at a height of 125 centimeters from the floor, which will allow you to arrange a dining table near the window;
• In bathrooms, bathrooms, showers, utility rooms, windows (plastic/wooden to choose from) are installed within 130-175 centimeters from the floor;

5. When choosing plastic windows, you should also accurately calculate the height of the product itself.

Recommendations on how to quickly and easily determine this value are as follows:

• From the ceiling level, subtract the thickness of the window lintel (0.35-0.4 meters) and the height of the window sill;
• For example, for a room of 3 meters, the window height should be selected within 1.6-1.8 meters;

6. With the same area, the best light output is for square-shaped window products.

So if you want to improve the natural light in the rooms, then it is better to choose square PVC windows. It has been proven that windows that are extended wide or upward let in less light.

If necessary, use these simple recommendations and the question “how to choose plastic windows” will be settled for you.

Design features of PVC windows

The materials used for manufacturing window profiles are polyvinyl chloride, wood, and metal, both individually and in various combinations. Currently, PVC windows are most in demand.

When choosing a profile for windows made of polyvinyl chloride, the consumer receives the following advantages:

• The optimal combination of quality and price of products. Nowadays, high-quality plastic windows are several times cheaper than wooden ones;
• Ease of use. Unlike wooden analogues, PVC windows do not require constant maintenance, annual painting, or treatment with moisture-proof impregnations;
• Aesthetic appearance for a long period of time;
• Excellent heat and sound insulation of rooms.

What to look for when choosing a wooden, aluminum or combined window:

1. Wooden windows are famous for their environmental friendliness, excellent thermal insulation properties and frost resistance. If the wood is treated with harmless anti-aging impregnations, the service life of such windows can be significantly increased. The disadvantages include the high cost of the material;

Why are REHAU windows so popular?

The concern's technologies make it possible to create REHAU windows with different technical characteristics and regularly release models with improved parameters and fundamentally new qualities.

According to key criteria, they are superior to window systems produced by other companies; among the advantages of REHAU windows it is worth noting:

• Increased thermal insulation
  . Due to the innovative design and the use of the original RAUCELL chamber seal, the ability to retain heat is increased up to 6 times compared to old wooden windows.
• Resistant to extreme temperatures
  . Window systems retain their properties and are not covered with condensation during a sharp change in average daily temperature and can withstand frost down to -65 C.
• Ecological cleanliness
  . German-made Rehau PVC windows do not contain and do not emit toxic substances when exposed to sunlight. All components are tested in laboratories in Europe and the USA.
• Ideal sound insulation
  . A profile system with air chambers effectively absorbs city noise and creates comfortable conditions for proper sleep and rest.
• Flawless glossy surface
  . The special profile shape and smooth glass-like surface do not absorb dust and dirt. With minimal care it always looks clean and shiny.
• Rich palette
  . The frame can be painted in bulk or covered with lamination film in any shade out of 100 possible, including imitation of the texture of natural wood.

By ordering REHAU plastic windows from the manufacturer on the official website, you can be confident in their reliability and long service life. As a representative of a German concern, we take responsibility for all stages - from manufacturing to installation and service.

Find out the cost of REHAU windows according to the promotion:

Leave your phone number and we will explain everything to you

Drawing window fittings - hinges

I turn off the visibility of the window base layer so that the hinges can be seen. Of course, the quality of the source leaves much to be desired, but that’s okay) You can look for a ref for the loop if you want to achieve maximum accuracy, this option is enough for me. So, using the Rounded Rectangle Tool (U) with a rounding radius of 2 px, I draw the base of the loop, fill color #9d803a. I reduce the fill to 70% so that I can see the original image. 17. I transform the base of the loop to what I need. Select the Pen Tool (P). Clicking on the upper right nodes of the lattice while holding down the Alt key changes the connection type to corner. On the resulting straight line, add a reference point and also click on it while holding down the Alt key.

18. Using the same pen tool, I select a point and, holding down the Ctrl key, move it to the required places. Between the lower two moved points, I add another one and, moving it while holding down the Ctrl key, I get a smooth angle. In the same way, I add anchor points from the bottom of the base and finish drawing the shape I need. I give the layer the name “Loop”.

19. “Animating” the loop, adding light and shadow I wrote above that for my tasks you can use vertical effects of layer styles, so I go to the “overlay options” (clicking on the icon under the cross in the layers panel brings up a window with various functions - I select from them “Blending Options”, you can also right-click on the layer to which you want to apply effects).

I select “Gradient Overlay” and set the “Angle” to 0 degrees, the gradient type is mirror, the blending mode is “Linear Burn”, the transparency is 25% and “Shadow” - with the following parameters: I uncheck the “Global Illumination” checkbox, the blending mode is - “Multiply”, fill opacity 45%, “angle” - no difference, “offset” - 0, “Size” - 3 I darken the bottom edge of the loop using the method described in detail above: draw a black shape, apply a layer mask, which I fill with a linear gradient with a transition from black to transparency from top to bottom and change the blending mode to “Multiply”, fill opacity 50%.

20. I will add thickness to the cut of the base of the loop:

Using the Pen Tool (P), I draw a white shape, one edge of which coincides with the top cut of the loop base, and apply a layer mask. Using a one-pixel soft brush with an opacity of 50%, I erase the sharp edges of the transition, change the blending mode to “Overlay”. I add bright shine along the entire length of the loop.

21. I draw a metal rod.

Under the “Loop” layer, just below the top edge of the shape, I draw a rectangle shape with rounded corners with a rounding radius of 1 px and a width slightly narrower than the top layer of black color. I apply the “Gradient Overlay” style and set the “Angle” to 0 degrees, the gradient type is mirror, the blending mode is “Normal”, the transparency is 70%. 22. I draw connections according to the same principle as when drawing connections on a frame:

1 pc shape with a fill color slightly darker than the darkest section of the loop base, blending mode “Multiply”, fill opacity 55%, duplicate the shape (Ctrl+j), change the fill color to a color slightly lighter than the lightest section of the loop, set blending mode – “Screen” (screen), fill opacity 65%.

23. I draw a connecting groove from the bottom edge of the hinge with the same parameters and layer styles as the “hinge” layer and the plate connecting the hinge to the window. I link all layers related to the loop, combine them into the “Loop” group and move them to the very bottom of the “Left Window” group. I duplicate the group (Ctrl+j) and move it to the top where the second loop should be.

24. I move on to drawing the glass: for convenience, I’ll fill it with a color on which the glass effect will be visible, for example, blue #3399ff. In the “Window Left” group, I draw a rectangular shape with a white fill color equal to the width of the window opening. I add a layer mask, which I fill with a mirror gradient with a transition from black to transparency at an angle, blending mode - “Soft Light”, fill 90%.

I apply the “Inner Shadow” layer style, with the following parameters: uncheck “Global Illumination”, blending mode Multiply, fill opacity 50%, “angle” - no difference, “offset” - 0, “Size” - 5. Now, no matter what element you place in the window, the effect will remain that it is behind the glass.

25. I duplicate the “Left Window” group, flip it horizontally, move it to the place of the right sash and rename it “right window”. I look to see if any shoals have come out. We got out, and a black gradient appeared on the loop in the rod (as you remember, the gradient overlay layer style was applied to this layer; the applied styles do not change when transforming the word to which they are applied). I fix it by going to the blending parameters and unchecking the “Invert” checkbox in the gradient parameters - as a result, the applied gradient is reflected horizontally, and everything becomes as it should). Same steps with the bottom loop.

26. I finish drawing the central part of the window, taking into account the fact that it should not open as planned; when drawing, I pay special attention to the corners.

27. I add volume to the base layer of the frame, turn on the window layer filled with yellow and, in principle, the blank window is ready.

In this form, it can be deformed for any perspective (except for the vertical direction). In particular, I made this very window for a project to draw a frame house from scratch. You can place any object behind glass to create an internal atmosphere.

28. Next, it’s up to your imagination to finish drawing this blank, add effects, objects to create a more finished look and enjoy the resulting picture)

web design, pictures, window drawing, glass, technical design

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a German factory class A window window measurements and estimates at home . We will show samples of the profile/glazing unit. We will give you a Cashier's Receipt for the card terminal. Get installments without leaving your home .
Window 58/32mm turnkey 15990 rubles .

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• Standard 15990r.
• Bestseller RUR 18,990
• Warm 19990 RUR
• Warm+ 21990 RUR
• Luxury RUR 24,990

Drawing details

After preparing the base, I move on to drawing the elements. I need the window for further use when drawing a house in perspective, that is, it will transform, horizontally, but not vertically. This means that in layer styles I can only apply vertical effects (vertical gradient, shadows and lights at an angle of o or 90 degrees), and to apply non-vertical ones I will use shapes. I reduce the fill of the layers with the bases to see the elements of the original image to 60%. I draw the junctions of the horizontal and vertical parts of the sashes with a 1px line with a fill color slightly darker than the color of the base of the window, duplicate the shape (Ctrl+j), move it 1 pixel to the right and change the fill color to a slightly lighter color compared to the base color.

8. I see that there are similar connections in the corners of the transition of the base of the frame from the glass to the sash. I duplicate the two resulting one-pixel lines, rotate them 45 degrees and move them to the required location. I draw all the corner joints in the same way.

9. Add volume to the sash. I draw a white rectangle with a width equal to the full width of the sash and a height equal to the height of the top crossbar. I add a layer mask, which I fill with a linear gradient (Linear Gradient) with a transition from black to transparency in the direction from bottom to top. Then, using the Soft Brush Tool (B) and using a layer mask, I erase the corners diagonally.

To soften the lightening, change the blending mode to “Screen” (screen) and reduce the fill to 30%. I darken the sash: I draw a rectangle similar to the previous one, but filled with black (#000000). I apply a layer mask to it, which I fill with a linear gradient (Linear Gradient) with a transition from a certain color to transparency from top to bottom. Using the Soft Brush Tool (B) and using a layer mask, I erase the corners diagonally. I assign the blending mode to the layer “Linear Burn” and reduce the fill to 5%.

10. Highlight along the top edge : with the shape tool, draw a horizontal 1px white line, change the blending mode to “Screen” and reduce the fill to 10%.

11. Highlight along the bottom edge of the sash: Using a one-pixel line - a horizontal stripe of white color equal to the length of the horizontal sash (between 2 connections), aligned along the bottom edge of the sash. I apply a layer mask to it and erase the edges with a soft edge brush. Blend mode “Screen” (screen), fill 10%.

Duplicate the layer (Ctrl+j), lower it 1 px, change the fill color to black, blending mode “Multiply”, fill opacity 10%. 12. Shadow of the sash on the frame base Using the Pen tool, I draw an inverted black trapezoid, the sides of which coincide with the corner joints, and one edge is aligned with the bottom edge of the sash base layer, and the other with the “Frame Base” layer. and move it under the “Sash Frame” layer. I add a layer mask, which I fill with a linear gradient (Linear Gradient) with a transition from black to transparency in the direction from bottom to top. Reduce the fill to 25%.

13. Highlight on the frame from the inside I draw a similar trapezoid with a white fill color, add a layer mask, which I fill with a linear gradient (Linear Gradient) with a transition from black to transparency from the horizontal edges of the figure, and the upper gradient should hide a larger area than lower. If everything is done correctly, you will get something like the image in the picture. blending mode – “Screen” (screen), fill opacity 20%.

14. Shadow on the frame from the sash Above the “Sash Frame” layer, create a rectangular shape with a width equal to the width of the sash, apply a layer mask to it. I hide the edges and the top of the shape so that there is 1 completely opaque pixel left at the bottom edge. Blend mode “Multiply”, fill opacity 20%. These actions will create a shadow on the base of the frame from the sash.

15. In the same way I apply effects to the remaining three sides. To save time, I will not perform all the same operations again, but will group the layers with effects and duplicate them (Ctrl+j). I reflect the duplicate group horizontally and move it to the bottom flap. I duplicate it again and rotate it 90 degrees. I adjust it to the dimensions of the vertical sash, another copy is to be reflected vertically and moved to the remaining sash. The result will be something that looks like a frame. White reflections on the frames on the inside are reflections that will appear on the frame from the light from the window. I combine the sash layers into a group (Ctrl+G), and call it “left window”.

Sanitary rules and standards for glazing

The living space must have natural ventilation by air flow through vents, transoms, or through special openings in window sashes and ventilation ducts.

— According to SanPin 2.1.2.2645-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises”

For external glazing of a residential premises, the cheapest window option - fixed - is not suitable if the room does not have one of the devices:

• window with an opening window,
• air supply vent valve prices for vent valve,
• other ventilation systems.

In order to reduce the cost of a window, an opening and a non-opening sash are made in one plastic frame. This window fully complies with SanPin standards.

What size should a double-hung window be?

The dimensions of the structure depend on the type of building that requires glazing, the width and height of the opening. Thus, the size of a window with two sashes in a pre-revolutionary house is 1150x1900 mm, in Stalin - 1150x1950 mm, in Khrushchev - 1280x1340 mm or 1490x1530 mm (house series 1-528). There are more than 40 types of sizes in new houses, and when ordering, you should focus on the dimensions of the opening.

Conclusion: a double-leaf PVC window is suitable for glazing any premises, it is characterized by maximum convenience, a modern look and a reasonable price.

Changing the picture to the desired parameters

We open the found picture - my window will be on the outside of the house.

I want it to be tricuspid and taller, so I change the original image a little. By double-clicking on the “lock” icon, I create a layer, increase the size of the canvas by a third in width and 2 times in height.

2. Using the “Rectangular Marquee” tool (M key), select the right half of the window and copy it to a new layer (Ctrl+j). I move it horizontally until the copied layer covers the rightmost loops. The resulting result suits me, so I combine the resulting layers (in the layers panel, while holding down the Shift key, select both layers and press Ctrl+E)

Tip: Get used to using hotkeys from the very beginning, it saves a lot of time!

3. Using the “Rectangular Area” tool (M key), select the bottom part of the window and, without removing the selection, move it down to the height of the window I need.

4. I select a small rectangular area at the bottom and stretch it upward until it covers the handles on the frame - I don’t need them because my window is on the outside of the house. I remove the unnecessary white background around the edges of the image and from the windows, and move the picture to the center of the canvas - it’s more convenient for me to work this way. The original image with which I will work is ready.