How to measure correctly for a plastic window, how to measure

Jimmmi
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Jimmmi January 17, 2017

Such beauty will cost you a pretty penny, which you can save by doing the calculations yourself.

Plastic windows are functional, heat-saving and reliable designs, which is why they are very popular. But before installing them, it is necessary to calculate all the parameters, including size and cost. Do you want to do this part of the work yourself? Below you can find out the answers to all questions related to window calculations.

Window calculator

Of course, first of all we will be interested in the final price. For this purpose, a program was invented - a window calculator. What is this?

Most performing companies provide their clients with a unique automatic calculation system - a “window calculator”. With its help you can find out the approximate cost of the structure.

I note that the calculator for plastic windows from one company may differ significantly from another. However, in general the programs are very similar. They look something like this:

Example of calculator functionality for plastic windows

Please note:

Selecting a window type. This action is the very first in almost any calculator. You are given a choice of many different types, which include the number of sashes, the type of internal structure, etc.

Main types of windows

Window size. The PVC window calculator is based on the size of the future window. You should use a tape measure and take the necessary measurements. Don't forget to consider slopes as well as compaction.

Measuring the window with a tape measure

Selecting the country of origin. This point is the second key factor that will determine the future price. Before choosing a manufacturer, study information about it, and in particular, consumer reviews.
Selection of double-glazed windows. The type of double-glazed window directly affects the cost, and naturally, the single-chamber option is the cheapest. But this solution will not be successful in all cases.

Window sill and low tide. They are the final steps in the calculator. You have to decide on two ebb options: plastic and galvanized.

The type of installation may also be included in the calculation of a plastic window. But many companies try to take an individual approach to this step, so you just have to find out the details from their representative.

Three-leaf metal-plastic window

As you can see, it is very simple to calculate a plastic window using such a calculator, but it does not always take into account all the parameters. Many questions remain open, and you will learn about them further.

Ready-made solutions for plastic window structures

The choice of ready-made plastic products of standard sizes will allow you to reduce the time for purchasing windows. To install, you just need to properly prepare the opening.

Selecting a structure of the correct dimensions is an important point on which the successful renovation of a room depends. During the selection process, it is necessary to take into account several parameters, the main of which are:

quality of sound insulation;
level of heat loss;
selection of fittings and seals;
number of double-glazed windows;
quality of profiles used;
manufacturer;
structural strength parameters.

How to calculate the main window dimensions

When designing a home, the minimum area of windows and their installation location are determined. Based on this, it is possible to calculate more accurate and specific parameters for each window of each room in order to find out the glazing area. When making calculations, it is customary to determine the maximum window height for a particular room in order to take advantage of optimal natural lighting conditions.

Taking into account the fact that the height of the window sill is 70-90 cm, and in houses with central heating 80-90 cm, and the upper lintel of the window should be no higher than 15-25 cm from the ceiling, it is easy to calculate the maximum height of the window and apply the light ratio to it parties - these calculated parameters will comply with the requirements of SNiP.

Calculation of window height from floor and ceiling

According to SNiP, with a total glazing area corresponding to 10-12% of the floor area of the room, a minimum amount of natural light will enter it. In this case, the optimal width of the window opening is considered to be corresponding to 55% of the width of the room.

The aspect ratio of the window plays more of a visual significance than a constructive one. Also, the correctly chosen aspect ratio makes it more comfortable to use the transoms. Therefore, the correct proportions are usually taken as standard ratios, for example, 8:13. There are computer programs to calculate window sizes; you can also use an online calculator.

In addition, there are rules that must be followed when making any calculations. For example, before calculating the parameters of the window and luminous flux, it is assumed that for one living space the angle of incidence of natural light through the glazing should be 18-30 0, and the glazing area should be in the range of 14-17% of the total floor area in the room .

When calculating the parameters, it is necessary to take into account neighboring buildings - the angle of incidence of the natural flow of light depends on the height of the window opening and the proximity of buildings adjacent to the dwelling. The natural flow of light will decrease as the distance between houses decreases, and vice versa. The same applies to the angle of incidence of illumination - the higher the nearby buildings, the higher the angle of light flux.

An example of finding design points

In building design, a window is considered the most vulnerable surface in terms of heat and energy exchange, therefore any standard calculations require minimizing the size of the window, which leads to a decrease in the natural light flux through the glazed area. To avoid a conflict between the desire to increase lighting and heat losses, the corresponding SNiPs have been drawn up and are in effect. Using the same recommendations, coefficients and formulas, designers carry out calculations of illumination and natural light fluxes for different rooms.

Emergency lighting angle calculation

The calculation results in the form of window aspect ratios are given below. These are examples for civil objects located in central Russia at an altitude of ≤ 800 meters above sea level, with slight shading by neighboring objects:

Premises intended for living, including hotel rooms, restaurant and retail premises: 1:8-1:6;
Food preparation areas and corridors: 1:10-1:8;
Staircases and cages: 1:14-1:10;
Educational, children's and playrooms: 1:4-1:3;
Reading and sports halls: 1:6-1:5;
Scientific classrooms and laboratories: 1:7-1:5;
Administration premises: 1:10-1:6;
Medical office premises: 1:7-1:5;
Premises for patients – wards: 1:7-1:6;

Orientation of the building to the cardinal directions
But these results of glazing areas and aspect ratios of openings, calculated using formulas, can still be considered approximate, since a separate calculation of natural lighting for each window in the room is required.

Calculation algorithm

Before you can calculate the area of a room, you first need to determine its shape. If the room has the correct geometry, the calculations are very simple: the length and width are multiplied by each other. It is more difficult when the shape of the room consists of several geometric shapes. Then each of them must be calculated separately and then the necessary arithmetic operations must be performed.

Although the measurements themselves are taken in centimeters, calculations are easier to do in meters . How to find the area of the room in square meters in this case? There are two options for this:

Convert the available measurements from cm 2 to m 2. For example: 100 cm = 10 m, 60 cm = 0.6 m;
if the area has already been calculated in cm 2, we convert it to m 2 taking into account the ratio of these two quantities. For example: 5000 cm 2 / 10000 = 0.5 m 2.

Now, knowing how to calculate the area of a room in square meters, you can freely choose a convenient option.

So, let’s summarize the sequence of actions when calculating the area of a room:

prepare everything necessary for taking measurements;
take measurements of all lengths and angles;
write down the results on paper or on the floor, if the condition of the room allows it;
carry out calculations of the individual component figures, carefully summing everything up. The figures should not overlap each other. The formulas are given below for each case separately.

In order not to carry out calculations yourself with the risk of making mistakes, you can use an online calculator and get accurate data.

Room area in square meters

It’s not difficult to calculate, you just need to remember the simplest formulas and also take measurements. For this you will need:

Roulette. It’s better with a lock, but a regular one will do.
Paper and pencil or pen.
Calculator (or count in a column or in your head).

A simple set of tools can be found in every household. It’s easier to take measurements with an assistant, but you can do it yourself.

First you need to measure the length of the walls. It is advisable to do this along the walls, but if they are all filled with heavy furniture, you can take measurements in the middle. Only in this case, make sure that the tape measure lies along the walls, and not diagonally - the measurement error will be less.

Rectangular room

If the room is of the correct shape, without protruding parts, it is easy to calculate the area of the room. Measure the length and width and write it down on a piece of paper. Write the numbers in meters, followed by centimeters after the decimal point. For example, length 4.35 m (430 cm), width 3.25 m (325 cm).

How to calculate the area of a room

We multiply the found numbers to get the area of the room in square meters. If we look at our example, we get the following: 4.35 m * 3.25 m = 14.1375 sq. m. In this value, usually two digits are left after the decimal point, which means we round. In total, the calculated square footage of the room is 14.14 square meters.

Irregularly shaped room

If you need to calculate the area of an irregularly shaped room, it is divided into simple shapes - squares, rectangles, triangles. Then they measure all the required dimensions and make calculations using known formulas (found in the table just below).

Before calculating the area of the room, we also make changes. Only in this case there will be not two, but four numbers: the length and width of the protrusion will be added. The dimensions of both pieces are calculated separately.

One example is in the photo. Since both are rectangles, the area is calculated using the same formula: multiply the length by the width. The found figure must be subtracted or added to the size of the room - depending on the configuration.

Room area of complex shape

Using this example, we will show how to calculate the area of a room with a ledge (shown in the photo above):

We calculate the quadrature without the protrusion: 3.6 m * 8.5 m = 30.6 sq. m.
We calculate the dimensions of the protruding part: 3.25 m * 0.8 m = 2.6 sq. m.
Add up two values: 30.6 sq. m. + 2.6 sq. m. = 33.2 sq. m.

There are also rooms with sloping walls. In this case, we divide it so that we get rectangles and a triangle (as in the figure below). As you can see, for this case you need to have five sizes. It could have been broken differently by putting a vertical rather than a horizontal line

It doesn't matter. It just requires a set of simple shapes, and the way to select them is arbitrary

How to calculate the area of an irregularly shaped room

In this case, the order of calculations is as follows:

We consider the large rectangular part: 6.4 m * 1.4 m = 8.96 sq. m. If we round, we get 9.0 sq.m.
We calculate a small rectangle: 2.7 m * 1.9 m = 5.13 sq. m. Round up, we get 5.1 sq. m.
Calculate the area of the triangle. Since it is at a right angle, it is equal to half the area of a rectangle with the same dimensions. (1.3 m * 1.9 m) / 2 = 1.235 sq. m. After rounding we get 1.2 sq. m.
Now we add everything up to find the total area of the room: 9.0 + 5.1 + 1.2 = 15.3 square meters. m.

The layout of the premises can be very diverse, but you understand the general principle: divide it into simple shapes, measure all the required dimensions, calculate the square footage of each fragment, then add everything up.

Formulas for calculating the area and perimeter of simple geometric shapes

Another important note: the area of the room, floor and ceiling are all the same measurements. There may be differences if there are some semi-columns that do not reach the ceiling

Then the quadrature of these elements is subtracted from the total quadrature. The result is the floor area.

Irregularly shaped rooms

It will be much more difficult to calculate a polygonal room with your own hands. Often the layout of houses has niches, rounded elements, and triangular corners.

Technical passport of the apartment

Calculating the floor area in such cases requires first dividing it into simpler elements. For example, you have an L-shaped room - the easiest way is to divide it into 2 rectangles, calculate their sizes separately and add them up.

L-shaped room plan

Calculate the sizes of triangular elements

If the second part of the room is not located at a perpendicular angle with respect to the main part, then between the 2 rectangles there is also a triangle, the sides of which converge at right angles.

You need to additionally calculate its quadrature using the formula and add it to the total value:

For example, if a triangle has legs of 3.5 and 4.5 m: S = (3.5*4.5)/2 = 7.9 m².

Another example of how to calculate the floor area of a room with a sloping corner is shown in the photo with all dimensions.

Scheme of a bathroom with a beveled corner

To calculate the quadrature of such a room, you need to first calculate the quadrature of the rectangle, and then for the triangle, and subtract its dimensions from the total value.

Here is an example of a calculation based on the values specified in the diagram:

Rectangle = 2.5 * 1.75 = 4.4 m2.
Beveled triangular corner = (0.57*0.57)/2 = 0.2 m2.
Final size = 4.4 – 0.2 = 4.2 m2.

If the triangle is not right-angled, then its calculation is done using Heron’s formula:

Heron's formula for a triangle

The symbol "p" is semi-perimeter. For example: we have a triangular shaped floor whose sides are 5, 6 and 7 meters.

Let's do the calculation for this figure:

Find the semi-perimeter: (5+6+7)/2 = 9.
We substitute the values into the formula: √(9 * (9-5) * (9-6) * (9-7)) = √(9 * 4 * 3 * 2) = √216 = 14.7 m2.

Calculation of rounded elements

Often, old houses have such a rounded shape near a window, or on a balcony combined with a room.

All formulas for calculating plane figures

To do this, first calculate half of the protruding part of the circle and add it to the main rectangular part.

Formula for calculation:

S = πR 2 /2, where π – 3.14, R 2 – radius of the circle squared.

For example, we have a semicircular protruding balcony with a radius of 1.5 m.

Let's substitute the numbers into the formula and find its quadrature:

S = 3.14 * 1.5 2 / 2 = 3.5 sq. m.

Measuring tools

To correctly calculate the total quadrature you will need a tool such as:

construction tape of at least 5 meters;
pen or pencil;
calculator;
building level or similar device with a scale;
stepladder or stool;
a sheet of paper for notes.

Prepare everything you need to measure walls.
You can also use special services available on the Internet, however, their accuracy is not always correct, and for maximum accuracy it is better to do everything yourself.

Before calculating the area of the walls of the room, it is necessary to provide free access to them and move furniture away to allow unhindered movement

This is very important, because from the initial data obtained from the measurement, we obtain the total volume of the room, as well as the square footage of the ceiling and floor

For maximum accuracy, it is recommended that before taking measurements, mark a straight line slightly above the level of the baseboards using a building level or any other long and level strip. Next, the tape measure is applied horizontally to the surface above the baseboard and the data obtained is recorded on paper. The next step is to measure the distance from the floor to the ceiling, again leaning the tape measure against the wall.

Don't forget to write down all the data you receive.

If the room has the shape of a rectangle, then to obtain the total area of the room it is enough to multiply the resulting width by the length. For example, if a wall is 5 meters long and 3 meters wide, then multiply 5 by 3 to get 15 squares.

Similarly, we measure each wall and add the resulting values into one total. For example, in a rectangular room there are 2 walls of 15 square meters and 2 of 8, we add these values 15x2=30, 8x2=16, 30+16=46. In total, the total surface area of the walls of the room was 46 squares.

Rooms with irregular outlines

How to find the area of an irregularly shaped room? It must be divided into those figures that make up the entire room. For example, a rectangle with a semicircle (if this is a room with a bay window), two rectangles (a room with a niche), several triangles, etc. They are drawn on paper for greater clarity, the resulting measurements are recorded and calculated using formulas.

Calculation of the area of a triangle

When dividing the area of a room into several geometric shapes, be careful with triangles. It is better to do this so that they are rectangular, this will simplify the calculations. Otherwise, there will be a high probability of errors occurring.

Calculation of the area of a circle

Sometimes rooms have round projections, segments, semicircles, sectors. Or the whole room is round in shape. In this case, the formula for calculating the area of a circle will be useful: S=πR2. This formula requires a radius value: measure the distance from the virtual center to the edge of the arc or divide the diameter by 2.

The area of the segment is calculated using the following formula:

Calculation of the area of a trapezoid

A trapezoid has two parallel sides and two non-parallel sides. Based on this, you can calculate the area of a trapezoid in several ways:

divide the trapezoid into rectangles and triangles and calculate the area of each resulting figure, then sum the components;
use the formula: S= (a+b)*h/2, in which a and b are parallel sides, and h is the height (the distance between the sides). It is better to measure the height at several points for reliability.

The correct result will be obtained due to accurate measurements.

Insolation requirements

Artificial lighting, even of the highest class, cannot compare with natural lighting. Lack of sunlight can quickly affect your health.

SNiP, regulating this area, imposes quite stringent requirements.

If shielding control systems grow with or without sufficient subject knowledge, complications are inevitable

It is also important to note that the external solar control elements driven by the motor and system, particularly the irradiation, screens and awnings, are equipped with automatic protection against destruction. In daylight conditions, these devices are parked in a resting position, provide no sun protection, and cannot be controlled by local user controls

It is therefore advisable to consider such eclipse of additional internal shading elements.

In multi-apartment residential buildings, the ratio between the area of living quarters and kitchens and the area of window openings should be no more than 1:5.5 and no less than 1:8.
For private houses, the floor area of all living rooms and kitchens and the area of window openings should be in a ratio of 1:8.
In attic rooms with a sloping roof, a ratio of 1:10 is allowed.

This means that the size of the window opening, based on the proportion, will be equal to: 12/8 = 1.5 square meters. m. These are the minimum window sizes that are acceptable in such a room.

Daylight significantly influences the perception of the interior and affects the psyche and health of the person in it

Pay special attention to the choice of shape and size of windows and other transparent structures and their placement. This should already be associated with the project documentation

Another situation arises when a window design is given and the interior must be adapted to the lighting conditions.

Many body functions, as well as the human psyche, depend on natural daylight. Natural light and the regular daily cycle of changes are closely related to human biorhythm. The lack of light is depressing, whether we want to admit it or not. Well-chosen artificial lighting can alleviate the effects and consequences of a lack of natural light for people, but cannot replace it equally. If a person is to feel comfortable in a room, they must be in good condition, which means that the space where they stay longer must be provided with a reasonable amount of daytime natural light.

Windows are necessary to provide sufficient lighting during the day.

Rice. 1. Types and overall dimensions of windows in residential buildings (USSR and Russia)

Rice. 2. Types and overall dimensions of balcony doors in residential buildings (USSR and Russia)

Visual well-being is mainly related to the intensity of lighting without significant distractions. The quality of lighting also affects the direction of light in space, the color rendering of the interior and the color of light. However, this is a very general solution that does not take into account the orientation from different sides, the shape of the room, external shading elements - balconies, loggias, the proximity and height of surrounding buildings, plants or terrain. However, the owner's subjective feelings must enter into these figures. The shape, size and placement of windows must be decided by the architect because other factors such as the layout, character of the house or proportions and its overall architectural design also come into play in the design.

Standards according to GOST

For window opening standards, there is a State Standard regulation numbered 11214-86. This standard also determines the dimensions for balcony doors. In accordance with this GOST, the width of windows varies from 870 to 2670 mm, height from 1160 to 2060.

The table below will introduce you to typical window sizes according to GOST.

The usual window width is calculated taking into account the purpose of the building, for each room and room, its location and dimensions, since the level of natural sunlight, depending on the geographical location, determines the degree of illumination.

Standard frames are made according to GOST, since it is important for windows to provide the necessary amount of daylight in the house.

Thus, the dimensions for a two- and three-leaf window manufactured in accordance with GOST should be 1300X1400 mm and 2050X1400 mm .

the value of these characteristics :

the area of this room;

required degree of illumination;

architectural features of the structure and the premises itself.

Based on generally accepted standards, the window area comes from the area of the room, and the size of the house itself. What does the size of the opening affect? First of all, on the glazing of the window, how many sashes there will be and the shape itself.

As you can see, choosing window sizes is a rather labor-intensive task. It is necessary to prevent damage to the frame and materials. The best solution is to hire a measurer to do everything professionally. It’s better to overpay, but then enjoy well-placed and not crooked windows, than to suffer with the sizes.

Watch this video about the optimal size of a window opening:

Glazing parameters

Any of the parameters necessary to ensure the best glazing of the room are calculated at the design stage, and they are individual. Independent calculation is quite complicated for a non-professional, so as an example, let’s look at ready-made results when light rays fall at an angle of 18–30° for various types of rooms. Comfortable lighting can be achieved provided that the glazing area is related to the floor area as 1 to 8 - 1 to 5. In other words, the window opening should make up 14–17% of the floor surface. Depending on the location of the house and its number of storeys, the angle of incidence of light changes, therefore, the illumination also changes. Therefore, with nearby tall neighboring houses, the decrease in illumination is compensated by large light openings.

As for its location, two factors are taken into account:

convenience and safety of looking outside; the presence of free space above the top edge, sufficient for attaching blinds, curtains, etc.

The choice of window sill height depends on the type of room:

for residential – 0.7–0.9 m; workers – 0.9–1.0 m; dressing rooms - 1.75 m; in the kitchen -1.25 m.

How to calculate the area of a room in square meters

The need to calculate the area often arises only during renovation work, construction or when changing furniture. Almost all construction materials (for example, flooring) are calculated in square meters. To correctly calculate the amount of material, it is important to know the floor area. Given the width and length of the room, finding the area will not cause any difficulties.

Measurements

Before you measure a room in square meters, you need a minimum set of items:

calculator;
tape measure;
pencil;
sheet of paper.

It is necessary to make a detailed floor plan on paper. Each wall should be measured using a tape measure.

Attention! It is very important to take measurements at the floor level, because there are cases (especially in old houses) when the walls are a little heaped to one side. Since the floor is measured, it is necessary to measure with maximum adhesion to the walls.

The second stage is placing the obtained measurements on the plan. It is best to immediately do this in meters, but the accuracy of each measurement should be up to 1 centimeter. This is necessary so that when choosing the required amount of materials, it is possible to select the size of the required material as accurately as possible. Rolled floor coverings are sold in linear meters.

It is possible to round only in the case of a small increase, so that in case of unforeseen circumstances there is a sufficient amount of material.

How to calculate the square footage of a room

To understand how to find out the total area of a room, you need to use a simple formula and multiply the length by width. As shown in the picture, the long wall has a length of 7 meters and the opposite one is only 4. It turns out that the floor area will be equal to 28 m2. This is how the square is found. It is imperative to remember the small supply that will be needed for fitting and trimming, and the more complex the installation option, the more supply you will need to take.

Most rooms do not have an even square or rectangular shape. Therefore, before you find out the area of the room in square meters, you just need to divide the room into several simple figures (squares and rectangles) and then the total square is calculated. So, for example, for a room with the shape of the letter G, it is enough to divide it into 2 rectangles, separately calculate the area, and then fold it.

It all looks like this:

We calculate the square of the large rectangle: multiply 5 by 4.35 and get 21.75 square meters;
now, according to the same principle, the second one: 2.5 by 2.65 and we get 6.625 square meters;
Then we sum up the total result 6.625 + 21.75 and get the room area of 28.375 square meters.

Having the exact result in hand, you can round it up a little and take into account 28.4 square meters.

In that case, if the room has a section with a cut wall, as shown in the picture, then it is necessary to draw a rectangle in such a way that the oblique divides it by 2 t peygolnika. Then again you get a room in the shape of the letter G. Next you can calculate the area using the method presented above.

It will be necessary to find the area of three rectangles. The missing section is half of a small rectangle. It will be enough to simply find its area and divide by 2, then add it to the rest of the dimensions.

So, for example, you can use the following data:

large rectangle: 1.75 m * 1.93 m = 3.3775 m². To make it easier, let's take 3.38 m²;
middle rectangle: 1.18 m * 0.57 m = 0.6726 m². Let's round it up again to 0.67 m²;
the smallest rectangle: 0.57 m * 0.57 m = 0.3249 m2, bring to 0.33 m²;
Now all that remains is to add up the resulting values and add ½ of a small rectangle: 3.38 + 0.67 +0.33/2 = 3.38 + 0.67 +0.17 = 4.22 m².

This is the most convenient method that anyone can use. It is enough just to break a complex figure into several simple ones. Despite the fact that there will be more measurements, this method does not require much effort or time loss, and all calculations can be done literally on your knees.

How to correctly calculate the area of walls with a complex surface

Not all rooms have a strict rectangular shape. Buildings often contain intricate architectural elements that complicate calculations.

How to calculate the square footage of walls minus openings

When determining the exact scope of work, we subtract the sizes of windows and doors from the total number of square meters of the walls of the room. To do this, measure the width and height of the window along the edge of the frame, and the dimensions of the door along the edge of the frame.

By multiplying the length and width of the openings, we get the size that needs to be subtracted.

We proceed in the same way if we need to exclude stoves, fireplaces, and radiators from the calculated square footage of a room.

The room has a window 2.5 m × 1.5 m and a door 0.9 m × 2.1 m.

S window is equal to 2.5 × 1.5 = 3.75 m².

Door S is equal to 0.9 × 2.1 = 1.89 m².

S walls minus openings is 54 − 3.75 − 1.89 = 48.36 m².

Determining the area of irregularly shaped rooms

To determine the perimeter of buildings of any configuration, we add the lengths of all walls, including projections and niches.

You can take measurements of irregularly shaped rooms by dividing the surface into several simple shapes.

If you have a room with a rectangular projection, you have two figures whose squaring is easy to calculate, then add.

If an element contains a semicircle, to calculate it you need to divide it into a semicircle and a rectangle.

How to count square meters of walls with round elements

There are round and semicircular residential buildings or structures with elements of windows or doors in the form of an arch.

Their perimeter can be determined by multiplying the diameter by the number π (Pi) = 3.14.

We determine the square footage of the vertical surfaces by multiplying the resulting value by the height from floor to ceiling.

S of a circle is equal to the square of the radius multiplied by the number π; semicircle - half this value.

If it is necessary to subtract the area of round columns or semicircular protruding elements from the square footage of a room, if it is impossible to measure the diameter or radius, measure the circumference (P) and apply the formula: S = P² / 4π.

How to calculate square meters of structures in the form of a triangle

If there is a room with triangular elements, we can apply several formulas, depending on the type of shapes:

Where a, b, c are the lengths of the sides of the triangle; p—perimeter.

Rectangular premises

To get started, you will need a measuring tape and a calculator.

The most common option is a rectangular room; even a schoolchild knows the formula for finding its square:

S = a* b (length times width)

For example, a room with parameters 4*6 m has an area of 24 sq. m.

It's another matter if you have built-in furniture or a fireplace. If you do not plan to remove them during the renovation, and lay the flooring of an apartment or private house around them, then it is also worth calculating their sizes and subtracting them from the total value .

However, this option is only suitable for “cosmetic repairs” of the surface; if you screed the floor of an apartment or your house or install new joists, you will definitely have to dismantle everything.

Tips and tricks

It must be remembered that the geometric parameters of buildings can rarely be ideal. Therefore, to determine exact values, it is better to take measurements in several places and then derive the arithmetic average. For example, when calculating the area of a room based on the walls, it is better to measure the length along the ceiling, baseboard and in the middle of the vertical plane. Height - in the corners and the middle of the wall along a plumb line.

To calculate the perimeter in the presence of many protrusions and niches of different shapes, you need to lay a cord along all the elements, then measure it with a tape measure.

Having calculated the exact parameters, you can go to the store for building materials. It is better to show diagrams with dimensions to the sales consultant. A specialist will help you calculate the consumption of materials, taking into account overlaps, selection of wallpaper patterns or losses when cutting tiles.

Why is it important to know the window area?

Windows are very specific designs. On the one hand, they provide sufficient illumination of the room, on the other hand, they are the largest “black hole” through which heat escapes to the street.

Both extremes are usually the result of errors in construction calculations or lack thereof.

According to construction rules, the minimum amount of light penetrates into a room in which the total area of all windows is 10–12.5% of the total area of the room.

In this case, not only the width and height of the window is important, but their ratio. The closer the proportion is to a harmonious rectangle, the better it is perceived visually and the more convenient it is to use.

A window that is close to ideal is a rectangle with the correct proportions (for example: 80 cm wide and 130 cm high).

In order to make it convenient to look outside, the upper edge of the wall under the window should be no higher than 90–100 cm. In turn, the upper edge of a convenient window is at a height of about cm from the floor and leaves enough space for attaching curtains, blinds or a roller shutter.

How to choose?

You should not trust standard sizes, since they do not exist in principle - the thickness of the walls and the height of the openings in all houses are different, and accordingly, the standards are different.

It is necessary to invite a measurer who will correctly measure the measurements, that is, height and width. However, preliminary measurements can be made independently to calculate the approximate cost of the finished structure.

In rooms where residents and their guests will stay for a long period of time, the ratio of windows to room area should be 1:8.

If the window is the only one in the room, place it in the center of a long wall and higher - in this case, the light will fall evenly throughout the room and flow evenly. The upper slope should not be created too far from the ceiling.

When searching for the optimal size and shape for a window, you need to approach it wisely and take into account several features. One of these is the degree of illumination. In order to plan the dimensions of the openings well, and most importantly, correctly, the following rules should be followed:

The most comfortable lighting for a person is the kind of lighting in which the width of the windows is at least 55% of the width of the entire room.
According to the rules, the lowest illumination is achieved provided that the glazing area is at least 10-12.5% of the total area of the room.

The most ideal proportions are considered to be a rectangle with a width to height ratio of 80x130 cm. Such windows are easy to use and do not create unnecessary load on the fittings .

How to calculate the area of windows so that the house is not dark

When designing and constructing a residential building, you must be guided by the contents of SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. According to this regulatory act, all residential premises are required to have light openings in the external walls of the building. The number of windows in living rooms and kitchens must be such that the coefficient of natural light is not lower than 0.5. Insolation standards are established by regulatory documentation taking into account:

geographical latitude of the object's location;
calendar period;
functionality of the premises;
planning zone of the city.

At least one of the rooms of a 1-3 room apartment must have a level of illumination that meets established standards. When the apartment consists of more than 4 rooms, then satisfactory lighting should be in 2 or more rooms.

Based on building rules, you can calculate the square footage of windows for each room in a residential building:

Measure the floor area of each individual room.
Determine the minimum permissible glazing area, calculating 10 - 12.5% of the resulting floor area of the room.

When designing light architectural elements, it is necessary to take into account that the final footage of the glazing will be less than the opening left. This is explained by the presence of a light-proof box at any window, which is used to install the window and fasten the glass inside the window block.

It is generally accepted that the most comfortable for a person’s well-being is the total width of the windows of the room, which is 55% of the width of the room. If there is only one window opening, then it should be located in the center of the longest outer wall.

The level of insolation can be adjusted by placing the structural element vertically: the higher the opening relative to the floor, the greater the illumination. This condition is true when there are no tall buildings or trees in the immediate vicinity that impede the penetration of sunlight.

At the design stage, when calculating the glazing surface, it is necessary to focus on the rules for thermal protection of buildings. According to these rules, the glazing coefficient of the facade in a residential building does not exceed 18%, taking into account the heat transfer resistance of light and ventilation openings.

It is permissible to install skylights in private residential buildings, which are windows of complex and non-standard geometric shapes. The area of such light openings should not exceed 15% of the floor area. In the case where the skylight is mounted in an attic room, the glazing area can be maximum equal to 10% of the room's area.

Floor or ceiling area

The ceilings and floors in an ordinary apartment are the same. How to calculate square meters? Very simple. If the room is an attic, then there is no ceiling - there is only a floor and walls.

Stage No. 1. Measure the length of the room and write down the resulting number on paper. If the number is an integer, then we simply write the number. For example, 5 (m). If the number is greater than 5 but less than 6, then you will have to remember decimal fractions and write, for example, 5.5 (m).

Stage No. 2. Measure the width of the room and write it down in the same way. For example - 3m.

Stage No. 3. Now you need to multiply these two numbers. Example: 5 x 3 = 15m. So, the floor area is 15 square meters. m. Consequently, the size of the ceiling will also be 15 square meters. m. Write this number separately and circle it with a pen.

How experts calculate glazing area

From the point of view of designers, windows are the most vulnerable points in the building envelope. Through them there is intense energy exchange between the room and the environment.

Calculation of window area is carried out according to the methods given in SNiP (“Building Norms and Rules”). They provide illumination standards for various types of premises, corresponding coefficients and formulas.

In a simplified way, the area of light openings can be calculated based on the recommended ratios between the areas of windows and floors. These data were not taken out of thin air, but were obtained on the basis of many years of data analysis in various regions of the world.

The relevant information was summarized and compiled into easy-to-use tables.

For example, for civil buildings in the climatic conditions of the middle zone at an altitude not higher than 800 m above sea level, with slight shading by nearby buildings, the ratio of glazing area to floor area will be as follows:

living rooms - 1/8–1/6;
kitchens and corridors - 1/10–1/8;
staircases - 1/14–1/10;
classes and audiences - 1/4–1/3;
playing and dining rooms in kindergartens - 1/4–1/3;
hotel rooms - 1/8–1/6;
library reading rooms - 1/6–1/5;
offices and laboratories of the research institute - 1/7–1/5;
administrative premises - 1/10–1/6;
sports gymnasiums - 1/6–1/5;
gyms - 1/5–1/4;
medical offices - 1/7–1/5;
hospital wards - 1/7–1/6;
restaurant halls - 1/8–1/6;
trading floors of stores - 1/8–1/6.

Sizes of window openings and room illumination

In frame buildings with strip-cut walls and strip lighting, the width of window openings determines the width of individual inserts along the axes of the supporting structure of the frame.

When designing buildings, the dimensions of window openings are set taking into account the required illumination of the premises, depending on their purpose, size, natural light in specific geographical conditions, the light characteristics of the window for a given ratio of the dimensions of the room and the window opening, the light transmittance of the window block, etc.

The area of window openings as a percentage of the area of the room is regulated by the “Building Norms and Rules” (SNiP P-A862) and is determined by the formula. SNiP P-A862 gives the normalized value of k.e.o. in the main premises of residential and public buildings located north of 45° and south of 60° northern latitude, taking into account the mandatory regular cleaning of glass at least 2 times a year for rooms with insignificant emissions of dust, smoke and soot, and four times for rooms with significant emissions.

Window calculator

How to calculate the cost of metal-plastic windows using a calculator?

— the metal-plastic window opens

- the window opens and tilts for ventilation

2. In the lower left corner of the plastic window calculator, you can select the type of double-glazed window. A single-chamber double-glazed window consists of two glasses and an air chamber between them. Double-glazed window - three glasses and two chambers between them. The price of a metal-plastic window equipped with an energy-saving single-chamber double-glazed window is similar to the price of a window with a single-chamber double-glazed window, since energy-saving coating comes as a gift. An energy-saving single-chamber double-glazed window is inferior to a double-chamber one in terms of sound insulation, but is identical in terms of thermal insulation.

3. You can set the size of PVC windows using the sliders of the window calculator by pulling them or enter them manually in the appropriate cells. Dimensions are given in millimeters. There is no need to specify a unit of measurement.

Window sizes are limited by maximum and minimum dimensions. If you want to calculate plastic windows of smaller or larger sizes, select the appropriate window configuration. For example, the maximum dimensions of a double-hung window are 1800 x 1700 mm. In order to calculate a window with large dimensions, it is necessary to select three-leaf windows.

The most common sizes of plastic windows in typical houses:

Khrushchev - two-leaf window: width - 1300 mm; height - 1340 mm, windows with three sashes: width - 2050; height - 1340 mm

Brezhnevka - two-part windows: 1500 x 1500 mm, three-part windows: 2100 x 1500 mm

Windows in the 137 series - double-leaf: 1150 x 1420 mm, three-leaf: 1700 x 1420 mm.

4. This section will help you find out the remaining sizes of plastic windows and doors in houses of standard construction, the Stalin era and the old building.

5. After you have chosen the configuration of the plastic window and the dimensions to calculate the cost of the window, its installation and finishing, you need to click on the Calculate button located in the upper right corner of the window calculator interface.

6. If you encounter any difficulties during the calculation process, we will be happy to calculate the cost of metal-plastic windows and doors by phone

(812) 677-32-65 or you can send a request for a cost calculation by email.

Results of price calculation using a window calculator

If you are interested in the cost of a plastic window without installation and finishing work, the price is shown in the right block, top line. The price of the window includes all the main elements: white PVC profile (German Rehau profile, Euro line or Korean LG Hausys profile, L-600 line), double-glazed window, set of fittings (German fittings Roto NT or Siegenia AUBI), handles, hinge plugs, stand profile. The price of the window does not include fastening elements - anchor plates and bolts, as well as additional accessories such as comb opening limiters, window care kits, handles with locks.

Installation 1 - right side of the window calculator (block with prices)

Standard window size for residential premises

In a private house

Standards for window openings exist to regulate light in private homes and beyond.

The characteristics of window openings are based on what the room is intended for, but the following is also provided:

the ability of a window package to transmit light;
geography;
dimensions of the building;
degree of suitable lighting.

Based on building codes, we calculate window standards. In addition, they are designed for cleaning twice a year, and for areas with poor ecology - 4 times a year .

Now they also provide for the number of glasses in the package and the distance between them - for each customer the refractive index of the beam will not be calculated, and the illumination will decrease.

If we take single-leaf windows, then their usual width and height vary from 470X470 mm to 1470X870 mm. Naturally, everything here depends on the dimensions of the opening.

Let's look at double- and triple-hung windows. Windows with two sashes vary from 570X1170 mm to 1470X1470 mm. Window openings with three sashes vary from 1170X1770 mm to 1470X2070 .

Do you know how to make plastic window slopes with your own hands? Details are in this article.

In the apartment

Now let's look at the standards of windows in an apartment panel building. It all depends on the type of house:

for “brezhnevka” the dimensions of a double-leaf window are 1300x1400 mm, with three sashes - 2100x1400 mm;
for the “new layout”: with two doors 1460X1430 mm, with three - 1780X1430 mm;
“Stalinka” is characterized by T-shaped windows, its dimensions can be 1500X1900 mm, 1250X1800 mm and 1080X1800 mm;
for “Khrushchev”: double-leaf window 1208X1340 mm, three-leaf window - 2040X1500 mm;
for the “Czech”: with two doors 1300X1400 mm, with three - 1760X1400 mm.

How to calculate the approximate size of a window in an apartment or house

Even at the design stage, all parameters of optimal glazing for each specific room are determined. The calculations are quite complex for a non-specialist, so let’s consider their results for one living room at an angle of incidence of daylight from 18 to 30 degrees.

For comfortable lighting, the ratio of the glass area to the floor area of this room should be from 1/8 to 1/5. This means that the window will occupy an area of 14–17% of the floor area.

As for the height of the window sill, it is determined by the purpose of the room:

in living rooms - from 70 to 90 cm;
in work areas - from 90 to 100 cm;
in the kitchen - 125 cm;
in bathrooms and utility rooms - from 130 to 150 cm;
in dressing rooms - 175 cm.

Window to floor ratio

The size and number of windows in living rooms and kitchens depend on the specific room.

The instructions in SNiP 31-01-2003 for multi-apartment residential buildings recommend maintaining the window area to floor area in the range from 1:5.5 to 1:8. On the upper floors it is permissible to make windows with a ratio of at least 1 to 10 to the floor.
For private houses, SNiP 31-02-2001 applies; for every 8 squares of floor there must be at least 1 square of natural light source. On attic floors this ratio can be at least 1:10.

Percentage of window openings and floor

Note! Also for residential buildings there are standards for the ratio of artificial lighting to the floor surface, described in SNiP 2.08.01-89 and 23-05-95.

For example, if your floor is 4*5 meters, the light opening should be from 2 to 3.6 square meters. To find out the glazing area to the floor area, divide the square footage of the room by a multiplier from SNiP suitable for your conditions (from 5.5 to 10). (see also the article Features of floor lighting)

Calculation of the price of plastic windows

Customer Reviews

2014-12-30 00:00, Kostroma

2014-12-25 11:38:00,

Teachers and parents of students of the Palace of Children and Youth Creativity

Parents of students and the teaching staff of the Palace of Children and Youth Creativity express their deep gratitude to the Window Technologies company and in particular to the team of installers #40; Kirill and Roman #41;, who on December 19, 2014 replaced windows in the branch of the Teremok Palace on B. Vorobyovskaya Street 10 /34. The team worked very quickly and carefully! Thus, the high professionalism of the craftsmen and coherence in their work brought a lot of pleasure and a lot of joy to all of us! Thank you very much. We congratulate your company on the upcoming 2015 and wish you PROSPERITY.

Price matters

Our goal is to create a quality product at a reasonable price. Our own production and expansion of partnerships allows us to achieve minimum purchasing prices. In addition, we are constantly working to optimize technological processes and increase labor productivity. That's why our windows are not only high-quality, but also cheap, accessible to almost everyone. Especially considering the installment plan.

If you are interested in the benefits that you will receive with plastic windows, you can calculate the cost of your new windows directly on the website. This can be done easily and conveniently using our window calculator. Select your home type, window size, and window configuration, then click Next. You will receive an approximate figure - an indicator that we are really cheap.

Please note that the website displays the preliminary price of plastic windows. The calculation will be 100% correct only after our specialist has measured the window openings

It’s easy to sign up for a free measurement - fill out the form on the “Call a Master for a Measurement” website. Our managers will contact you and agree on a time convenient for you.

Can't find the best option? Don't know which installation to choose (standard or MAX technology)? Any other questions? Call! In any of our offices or by calling the hotline 8 800-2008-608 you can always get qualified advice.

Hurry up to order a new window while seasonal discounts are valid! Your savings – from 2900 rubles!

How to calculate window area

For multi-apartment multi-storey buildings, as well as for standard individual construction projects, the window area in a living room is a parameter calculated by specialists in advance, and for the apartment owner it does not matter, since it already meets all norms and standards. But for developers who build their own housing from scratch, according to their own design, window area is as important a parameter as the grade of cement or the strength of concrete. The calculated glazing area helps not only to provide the correct lighting in the room - it also means the correct arrangement of furniture, and the correct calculations of the floor beam of the opening, and much more.

Window area calculation table

Consumer protection

It is believed that norms and standards are designed to protect consumers from low-quality housing. But is it? And does GOST cope with the functions that are assigned to it? And is such comprehensive standardization necessary? Everything that we now use to protect ourselves from cold or heat came to us from the West. A new type of profile for window systems, low-emissivity glass, blinds, roller blinds, mini-blinds. All, at first outlandish, technology and attributes of protection from the sun and cold came to us from there, without any norms and standards, GOSTs and TUs. The main standards used in these countries are convenience, quality and comfort. In Germany, France, Denmark, and England, when installing sealed PVC window systems, it is mandatory to install climate control valves. And this is enshrined in law, and not a minimum or maximum window size, which is of no interest to anyone. If the windows do not meet the clients' requirements, no one will buy a house or an apartment. And this is enough for the architectural product to always be harmonious in its decisions, including in matters of glazing. And it must be said that not everything is going smoothly with the provision of housing there either. Not everyone can afford expensive penthouses. However, standardization, which certainly exists in these countries, and is no less highly developed, still does not interfere with market issues, which determine which windows, in which region and with which energy-saving equipment should be designed. And the standards they use are much broader and more comprehensive. Moreover, they are international and equally understandable in Australia, Singapore, and Japan. and Germany. But they relate to completely different areas of engineering and technology, which provide the priorities of international trade.

Therefore, the standards for sizes and window area in a house depend not on GOST standards, but on the architect and the project. The range in size is very large. And if a multi-storey building has chosen a standard for facade windows, then it will be the same for all the rooms in which they will be located. And in small ones of nine or six meters, and in those that are twenty or eighteen. So, the standard is the standard, and practice is practice. Unfortunately it is so.

A few more tips

Before calculating the square footage of the living space, take note of several important nuances:

The basic unit of measurement for S is square meters;
If a window or doorway in a wall can almost always be measured in one go, then in the case of the floor and ceiling all actions take place in a certain sequence . Lay out the tape measure, make a mark where it ends, then place it again at the marked point and continue measuring. Do this until you have measured the entire length, and then add up the resulting measurements;
If the resulting length is more than 1 m, then you need to count both centimeters and meters;
It is better to measure the length of the wall using the baseboard. For convenience, use the help of a partner;
When calculating the square meters of the floor, walls or ceiling, be extremely careful. If you are using a regular tape measure, make sure that it is level and that the lock does not slip from the reference point. In the case of a laser tool, make sure that the beam is perpendicular to the wall - otherwise the error in the results will be too large;
How to calculate the area of a room if its length is slightly more than 1 m? When performing such calculations, round the resulting number to the nearest centimeter and leave millimeters;
Be sure to convert centimeters to meters. 1 cm = 0.01 m , so to translate it is enough to move the comma 2 digits to the left (for example: 2 m 35 cm = 2.35 m, 8 cm = 0.08 m);
To get the most accurate measurements, measure the height of the wall in 3 places - at the beginning, end and middle. If the resulting numbers are slightly different (this often happens in old buildings), take the arithmetic average ( K + T + M / 3 );
For certain calculations, you need to provide the volume of the room (the so-called cubic capacity). To find out this value, just multiply the width, length and height of the room;
For those who are not sure of the correctness of their calculations, we advise you to use an online calculator ;
When planning purchases, you need to take into account not only the size of the room, but also the features of the use of certain building materials. This will avoid a lot of waste.

Window calculator

Ready-made solutions for plastic window structures

How to calculate the main window dimensions

Calculation algorithm

Room area in square meters

Rectangular room

Irregularly shaped room

Irregularly shaped rooms

Calculate the sizes of triangular elements

Calculation of rounded elements

Measuring tools

Rooms with irregular outlines

Calculation of the area of ​​a triangle

Calculation of the area of ​​a circle

Calculation of the area of ​​a trapezoid

Insolation requirements

Standards according to GOST

Glazing parameters

How to calculate the area of ​​a room in square meters

Measurements

How to calculate the square footage of a room

How to correctly calculate the area of ​​walls with a complex surface

How to calculate the square footage of walls minus openings

Determining the area of ​​irregularly shaped rooms

How to count square meters of walls with round elements

How to calculate square meters of structures in the form of a triangle

Rectangular premises

Tips and tricks

Why is it important to know the window area?

How to choose?

How to calculate the area of ​​windows so that the house is not dark

Floor or ceiling area

How experts calculate glazing area

Sizes of window openings and room illumination

Window calculator

Standard window size for residential premises

In a private house

In the apartment

How to calculate the approximate size of a window in an apartment or house

Window to floor ratio

Calculation of the price of plastic windows

How to calculate window area

Consumer protection

Popular questions when calculating windows

Formula for calculating window weight

Accurate area calculations

The final stage

A few more tips

Calculation of the area of a triangle

Calculation of the area of a circle

Calculation of the area of a trapezoid

How to calculate the area of a room in square meters

How to correctly calculate the area of walls with a complex surface

Determining the area of irregularly shaped rooms

How to calculate the area of windows so that the house is not dark