Location of windows in a two-story house

How to arrange windows in a house is a fairly common question faced by developers of summer houses and cottages.

And this is a difficult issue that cannot be taken lightly. Since the insolation of rooms (the amount of sunlight) depends on the location of the windows, how quickly the house will warm up; in addition, the windows will determine the arrangement of furniture in the room, the volume of the interior and the functional purpose of the space.

Therefore, we can say without exaggeration that not only the appearance of the house, but its design, functionality and living comfort depend on how the windows are located. In this article, we will take a closer look at the features of windows in private homes, and also give recommendations on how best to position them.

Window design for a private house

The development of window filling samples must correspond to the external appearance of the building and its internal filling. The windows add character to the building and brightness of the image.

Successful external design of a window opening from the side of the room transforms the overall perception of its condition. The illumination of the room and its atmosphere depend on the windows.

The classic white color of windows does not always satisfy architectural requirements. The window profile began to be covered with film in the colors of different types of wood. The coating changes the color of the profile, improves the quality of the surface and demand increases sharply.

The shrinkage of houses made of wooden structures cannot be predicted either by time or by the degree of settlement. Constructions of other materials shrink, but moderately in time and degree of subsidence.

Wood in a building changes its structure under the influence of external temperature. Window and door openings are the first to change their shape and size.

In houses that are shrinking, before filling the openings, a wooden frame is made around the entire perimeter. The space between the window frame and the jamb is filled with a material that is plastic and does not crack when the building shrinks.

The house is well oriented

The intensity of the light flux penetrating into the house depends on the orientation of the windows relative to the cardinal directions, as well as on the time of year and day. In summer, the sun's rays fall at a greater angle than in winter. Consequently, more light and heat enter the room.

As a result of the right choice, windows can not only prevent energy loss in winter, but also generate certain benefits. For the greatest energy benefits, most windows should be placed on the most sunlit walls. Of great importance in this case is the angle of incidence of light, which varies depending on the season.

In an energy-efficient private house, windows should be located in the south and west. From the north, you can even completely abandon glazing or choose much smaller windows. On the east side, windows are not so important in terms of energy savings.

How to arrange windows in a house

Correct installation of windows requires their orientation to the cardinal points. If possible, living rooms should “look” to the south, southwest or southeast.

On the north side, it is better to make smaller windows and place utility rooms in this part of the house that do not require bright natural light.

Windows in residential premises should be 5.5-8 times smaller than the floor area. Thus, in a room with an area of 20 m2, the window area should be about 2.5-3.5 m2.

When there are other buildings or tall trees near the house, the glazing area needs to be increased.

If desired, you can glaze entire facades, but here you need to remember an important rule: the larger the glazing area, the better the windows should be insulated.

The installation height of windows depends on the functional purpose of the room:

In a bedroom or nursery, it is better to place them at a level of 70-100 cm from the floor to provide a good view of the surroundings;
In the kitchen - at a height of 125 cm, which will allow you to place a table in front of the window;
In bathrooms and utility rooms, the installation height of windows varies between 130-175 cm.

To determine the optimal window height, you need to subtract the height of the window sill and the thickness of the window lintel (about 0.4 m) from the ceiling level. For a 3 m floor, the optimal window size will be 1.6-1.8 m.

With equal area, square windows have the highest light output. Windows that are extended upward or wider provide slightly less light, and the difference grows with increasing wall thickness.

Window location

The optimal width and height of windows must be determined based on the entire area of the room and the required level of illumination.
The glazing area and standard sizes of window openings of houses are regulated by special SNiP P-A862. According to the requirements of this standard, in sleeping and living spaces the total area of the light opening must be no less than 1/8 of the total area of each room.
For glazing of household and non-residential premises, these dimensions in a private house can be reduced by four times. Thus, in the bathroom, toilet, storage room and boiler room, the window area can be no more than 3% of the total area of the room.
In regions with a very cold climate and short daylight hours, it is advisable to orient the windows towards the southwest or south side of the house.
In very hot climates with a large number of sunny days a year, for much less influence of the sun on the microclimate in the house, windows should be located on the east or north side of the house.
The ease of use and function of windows in different rooms strongly depend on the height of the window sill relative to the floor level.
In utility rooms and utility rooms, the light opening is often made in the form of a low window or a horizontal wide window, which is installed 1600-1800 mm from the floor.

Basic requirements for the location of the window in the opening

In a 1-layer wall made of wall materials such as aerated concrete (AEROC, H+H, YTONG); large-format porous bricks (RAUF, POROTHERM), expanded clay concrete blocks (Polarit Comfort), which meet the requirements for thermal protection of the window, are installed in the middle of the opening.

In a 2-layer wall (bonded thermal insulation system), windows are installed closer to the outer surface directly behind the insulation.

In a 3-layer wall, windows are installed in the plane of the insulation.

How many windows does a room need?

"House in the village" in winter.

Of course, the orientation of light-transmitting structures in relation to the cardinal directions plays an important role in creating the required level of illumination in the room. However, no less important is the location of the windows, as well as their number, which influence the uniformity of the lighting created.

Panoramic windows in the interior of a private house.

For spacious rooms, the best solution would be to place window openings on both sides of the building. Implementation of this technique will make it possible to create uniform lighting throughout the daylight hours.

Important! SNiP 01/31/2003 “Residential multi-apartment buildings” recommends making windows so that the ratio of the area of light openings to the floor area is no more than 1:5.5 and no less than 1:8. For example, the window sizes should be approximately the following (width x height): 1800x1450mm for a 5x3m room, 2000x1450mm for a 6x3m room, 2400x1450mm for a 6x3.5m room... Important! The light transmittance of structures can be increased by installing a special type of window - panoramic

In this case, the gain in illumination, due to the almost complete absence of frames in such glazing, is about 10-15%.

Important! The light transmittance of structures can be increased by installing a special type of window - panoramic. In this case, the gain in illumination, due to the almost complete absence of frames in such glazing, is about 10-15%.

When designing a building, you need to take into account the fact that windows, even large ones, should not be mounted too low, since the light coming from the street will not be able to fully cover the interior of the illuminated room.

As a result, we can say with confidence that the correct location of windows in the house is the key to good illumination, and a sufficient amount of light, as we know, is an indispensable attribute for creating comfortable conditions for a person to be indoors.

For non-residential premises and production

The shape of the window frame is not the same for rooms of different purposes. For non-residential or industrial buildings, certain types of structures are used that have a simpler manufacturing option. As a rule, these are blind frames with no sash that can be opened. They are intended only to illuminate the interior space, and therefore do not require additional mechanisms.

In some cases, simple window designs that can be opened are used. Most of these products only use the tilt function, where the top of the sash swings halfway down, stopping at a 45-degree angle. This is quite enough to obtain the fresh air necessary for people to work comfortably. Photos of such products can often be found on enterprise websites.

There are also combined forms, when blind structures are diluted with a transom located in the upper part. This type is large in size to provide high-quality lighting for the space inside a workshop or warehouse. It is worth noting that the cost of such PVC windows is quite low, which attracts many managers.

Appearance and shape of windows

What decorative elements are we talking about? For example, you can use carved platbands in window decoration - they will give the appearance of the house lightness and unusualness. Plus, with the help of platbands it will be possible to effectively combine different window sizes.

Another element of window decor can be elegant wrought iron grilles. Today they are easy to make to order and made in any style, emphasizing the advantages of the facade of your home and hiding its shortcomings.

Windows with different designs (when the exterior and interior decoration differ in color and texture) will help solve the problem of diversity in the internal space and achieve a fresh interior design.

To add light to the room, you can decorate the inside of the window (slopes) with mirrors or reflective materials. This method is especially good in cases where the neighboring house blocks access to sunlight.

The problem of insufficient lighting in rooms can be solved in another way: using additional artificial lighting, by installing ceiling or wall stained glass windows, or ceiling sconces in the rooms. The effect can be enhanced if you combine the lamps with the above-mentioned mirror and glass surfaces.

If you want, on the contrary, to make the room less bright, then you can traditionally use thick and dark curtains.

There are other ways: you can plant climbing plants near the windows (for example, wild grapes, climbing roses: climbers, ramblers, etc.). The stems of such plants will relieve the room from the scorching rays of the sun and bring freshness and coolness to the house.

As for window frames. They can be wooden, plastic or aluminum. The frame design should be chosen based on two factors:

window material;
design of the house and combination of the frame with elements of its decor.

When deciding on one type of window frame or another, it is important to remember that they should not be too massive, so it is best to choose thin frames. As for the color of the frames, it can be anything: soft cream, rich brown or even dark blue.

As for the shape of the windows. The most optimal solution is a rectangular shape. They will cost less, and there will be no problems with their installation and operation.

House designs with non-standard window geometry can also be considered, but wisely. It should be borne in mind that rectangular windows are rarely combined with round ones, and even more so with triangular ones. Designers do not recommend installing more than two types of windows in houses - they will look ugly.

A combination of large and small windows is allowed if the architecture requires it. For example, a huge window on the facade covering a flight of stairs. Such windows can be the most striking feature of the entire cottage, but it is important to consider the costs of their production, installation and operation.

Another popular solution is a beveled window, which is placed parallel to the roof. Such windows can undoubtedly decorate a home and make it more modern and unusual. In addition, this design of windows will allow you to divide the space into several zones, which may differ not only in color, but also in the texture of the material used.

Windows with access to the sunny side.

Before starting to coordinate the project with the relevant organization, the owner of the house needs to think about the future arrangement of the rooms in terms of their lighting.

Bedroom with windows facing East.

The eastern side of the building is ideal for placing bedroom windows on it. By nightfall, a bedroom located in this way will give off excess heat accumulated during the hot day. Therefore, in this case, the rest of the owners or their guests will not be interfered with by overheating of the room. This fact will have a positive effect on the mood and energy level of the residents.

As you know, in most cases the hottest place in the house is the kitchen. As a result, the most optimal location, in terms of air temperature, is the northern or eastern side.

Technical rooms, in which light is needed only in small quantities, should be located in the northern part of the building, or “go” to the ground floor.

Windows oriented to the south side of the building are most suitable for rooms such as: living room, study, children's room, gym, etc. After all, the inhabitants of the house spend the maximum amount of time in them during daylight hours.

By planning the proper location of the windows of the house at the design stage, you can achieve the highest level of illumination in each room, as well as significantly save on energy resources consumed.

Home interior design

Corner glazing is most often found in minimalist, Scandinavian and other modern interior design styles. Application in other types of design will require making some changes to the design, using other profile materials and adding appropriate decorative elements.

Kitchen. Installing a corner window in the kitchen significantly increases the level of natural light. This feature, taking into account the dimensions of the opening and the location of the window, allows you to create a comfortable and functional work area.
Bedroom. Corner translucent structures in bedrooms are appropriate if their inhabitants have a positive attitude towards the visually open design of the room and like to watch what is happening on the street. In any case, special attention should be paid to the possibility of adjusting the amount of external natural light - curtains or blinds are usually required.
Living room. An option suitable for both rectangular rooms and living rooms with complex geometry, for example, bay window front elements. Panoramic glazing in such places will help organize a comfortable dining area or place to relax.

From simple to complex

Research shows that only high-quality plastic windows meet all standards and requirements, as well as price preferences. It is not surprising that these products are very popular among consumers, which is based on the following parameters:

availability;
various types;
reliability and quality.

Availability is expressed in the cost of plastic windows, which is still the lowest of all categories of goods for this purpose. Moreover, photo and video installation materials allow you to perform the installation yourself. At the same time, plastic requires virtually no maintenance, which is also appreciated by buyers. Reliable locking mechanisms allow you not only to open the doors, but also to use them for various modes of air supply to the room.

But most importantly, these are a variety of types and shapes of window structures, which allows you to make glazing not only functional, but also visually attractive. There are all the prerequisites for this. The user can choose from the following product forms:

rectangular;
square;
trapezoidal;
arched;
round.

Based on these types, a lot of more complex products are produced, the dimensions of which are limited only by the physical characteristics of the PVC profile. Simple designs do not contain at all or in small quantities additional parts that divide the window space into separate fragments that can be opened. And more complex options can surprise with their design and functionality, which is so attractive to modern builders and designers.

Windows distant from each other

Here we have more freedom. The curtains in this situation do not have to be identical. Not only the sizes and styles of curtains can be different, but also the fabrics themselves.

The zoning features of the room matter. Different zones allow different window designs.

Example. The bed is placed with the head of the window. Window drapery becomes a kind of canopy. For this window, you can choose one fabric - for example, in harmony with the headboard, bedspread, pillows. And for the opposite window - another one that matches the decor as a whole. Is there any logic? Without a doubt.

You can take the size of the windows as a guide. Design the big one this way, and the two small ones differently. This also has its own logic.

It should be remembered that the abundance of fabric on the walls can deprive the room of visual spaciousness, lightness and freshness. If the windows are large, you need to think about whether to cover them with long and especially heavy curtains. Maybe only one window needs to be dressed in a solid floor-length drapery, and the second should be dressed in something more laconic and less noticeable?

Tips for window decoration

For construction, select construction, how to choose window size? Window decoration is one of the main points in creating an interior design, which, as a rule, becomes the final component in a project for decorating a private home.

When choosing a specific window decoration option, you should take into account the type of room, dimensions and style of the window. The most basic principle that should be used when choosing is a harmonious combination of the surrounding interior and window design.

If the room is decorated using many original details, then the best solution would be to leave emphasis on the most unusual and striking interior details. In this regard, it is advisable to choose a simple design and fabric for curtains, without bright patterns and decorations. Here the main task is to choose the required texture, color of the fabric, and its quality. If any specific style in the design of the room is not visible, or its furnishings are standard, then such an atmosphere must be enlivened with spectacular curtains.

The most affordable and currently in demand method of window decoration is curtains made of thick material, which hang freely from the eaves to the floor, and under them there is a curtain - a transparent and light curtain made of tulle, mesh or lace.

Two windows on one wall

It is recommended to dress closely located windows with identical curtains. The same in color, fabric, and size.

However, this rule is not immutable. In some cases they go against him.

So, if you plan to place some furniture under one of the windows - for example, a desk, kitchen cabinet or sofa - you can decorate it with a short curtain. And the second one is long. This is acceptable because it is logical.

Is it possible to curtain the opening by decorating both windows with a single drapery under a common cornice? Yes, you can, but usually it's not necessary. Much depends on the size of the room. If it is large, drapery covering the entire wall will not have a negative impact.

For a modest-sized interior, this design method is undesirable. Firstly, it is irrational to leave the partition unused. If it is wide enough, one of the important zones can be arranged near it. Usually it turns out beautifully and harmoniously thanks to emphasized symmetry.

Secondly, a single wide drapery visually makes the room smaller (and if the room is already small, this is not the result that you would like to get). Two separate curtains with a free wall, on the contrary, can visually lengthen the wall. Especially if the fabrics do not contrast with the walls and furnishings.

Location, size and number of windows in a private house

To achieve an appropriate microclimate in a private house, it is necessary to take into account three factors at the design stage: the orientation of the house in relation to the cardinal points, the arrangement of rooms accordingly, as well as the size and number of windows.

Probably, many have noticed that some rooms in the house easily overheat, while others are constantly cool. Most often this is due to different locations of windows on the cardinal points. Proper design of the location of translucent structures will help illuminate rooms in accordance with their functions, and will also allow you to use part of the solar energy to heat the house.

Today the market is ready to satisfy a wide range of wishes of even the most demanding client in terms of high-quality PVC windows, wooden euro-windows or aluminum systems, but if a mistake is made at the design stage of a house, then the window structures will not be able to convey to the user the range of useful functions included in them by the manufacturer.

Correct location of the house

The right house is a house built taking into account the cardinal directions.

When planning the location of the windows of a future home, it is necessary to take into account not only the trajectory of the Sun, but also the angle of incidence of the rays on the facade, depending on the season. For example, in winter the angle of the sun's rays is less than in summer. It goes without saying that the less light there is in a house, the less heat there is.

An increased level of lighting and good heating of the room in the winter season will contribute to less consumption of resources on lighting and heating, which has a positive effect on the amount of bills paid - it becomes significantly less.

In order to obtain optimal results for lighting and heating, the windows in the house should be located primarily on the west and south sides . Although, as they say, “The East is a delicate matter,” east-oriented light-transmitting structures do not have a significant impact on energy savings.

Panoramic glazing

Today, panoramic glazing for private homes is becoming increasingly popular. The views that open from the panoramic windows are simply enchanting.

Reviews of megacities, magnificent natural landscapes, a sense of light, freedom and space!

Advantages of panoramic glazing

Abundance of transmitted light. This will help visually expand the room and make it much lighter.
Reduced electricity costs due to increased solar light flow.
The use of reflective, energy-efficient glass will help keep you warm in winter and cool in summer.
Unlimited number of design options, finishes and structures.
Style and presentability of the room.

Disadvantages of panoramic glazing

High cost of quality materials, proper installation, maintenance and repair of panoramic windows.
The need for proper planning, as well as the design of a room with panoramic glazing.
Difficulty in washing and cleaning panoramic windows.
Additional costs for the installation of thermal convectors for heating, as well as air conditioners for cooling.

Panoramic glazing methods

Frame glazing is the most convenient and reliable. With this option, a double-glazed window is used, which is built into a frame made of plastic, fiberglass or aluminum, which allows for thermal and sound insulation.
Frameless glazing involves a “cold” glazing method without the use of frames. With this option, tempered glass is attached to the lower and upper beams using roller bearings, which ensure good sliding of the glass along the wall. The optimal width of such a window is 650 mm, but the length can reach up to 3 m.

Room with sun view

Proper planning of the location of individual rooms will allow them to be illuminated in accordance with their purpose. The southern facade provides the longest period of sunlight, so it is optimal for rooms where the family spends most of the time during the day, for example, a living room, office, dining room or children's room.

The use of large glazing on the south side can lead to overheating of the premises in summer. The way out of this situation is to choose panoramic windows with a low heat transfer coefficient, as well as install roller shutters or internal blinds.

The east wall of the house is the best idea for placing bedroom windows. The sun in the morning will charge you with its useful energy for the whole day, and in the evening it will not interfere with proper rest, since the room will not overheat.

The kitchen in a private house should be located east or north. The bathroom, as well as auxiliary rooms, for example, a pantry, boiler room, garage can be successfully oriented to the north. In these areas, a small amount of indirect sunlight is sufficient.

Such planning with a rational arrangement of windows allows you to ideally adjust the level of natural light in the rooms depending on their functional purpose. Thus, the house will be a much more comfortable place for its inhabitants and friendly for guests.

Two windows at an angle (on perpendicular walls)

Here, too, it is recommended to observe the principle of identity, with the exception of situations where furniture is installed under one of the windows.

In general, closely spaced large windows on perpendicular walls, especially when it comes to the living room, are considered a great advantage. They form a light angle. This in itself is impressive, but the main advantage is the abundance of light, the airy effect. Upholstered furniture is usually placed in the light zone.

Corner partitions are more often covered with textiles than intermediate partitions. If this corner is small and will not be usefully used, it is worth draping it, creating a single textile composition from the left edge of one window to the right edge of the other.

If the distance between the windows is quite large, you can install some furniture in the corner and create a functional area. In this case, it is hardly advisable to curtain the walls.

Non-standard windows

A feature of modern private house projects is the use of window openings of different shapes, sizes and geometries. Thus, it is necessary to install windows of non-standard shapes for them. And today this is not a problem at all.

Triangular windows. In the production of non-standard triangular windows, more material is used than in the production of standard rectangular ones, which, of course, is reflected in the price of the special window design. What style should you choose for your home for such windows? Designers recommend installing triangular-shaped windows in houses that are designed in both high-tech and classic styles.

Arched windows. Non-standard arched windows are a window design in which the upper part is made in the form of a round vaulted arc with a set radius. The windows are round in shape. Round windows will not only bring life to life, they will make both the house and the city apartment sparkle with completely new colors. Making round windows is very simple, so there will be no additional costs. These windows are an excellent solution for rooms that are located under the very roof of the house. Trapezoidal windows. Trapezoid-shaped windows will easily fit into any room. It will go perfectly with the interior of the room, which is decorated decoratively. For example, in retro style with a little bit of romance. Bay windows. Bay windows are concave window structures consisting of several frames in the form of a rectangle, and connected to each other at the desired angle (usually 90-180 degrees) by means of bay pipes. A bay window will visually increase the size of the openings of the house. Designers recommend installing these windows to add originality to the interior. They look even better with built-in blinds.

We install windows and doors according to Feng Shui

Feng Shui is a science that has been known in China for four thousand years. Translated, Feng Shui means wind and water, that is, wind is a source of energy that moves water, and without it nothing grows and there is no life. Feng Shui is also a determining factor in human life, studying his needs for environmental harmony, especially in relation to housing, in which he spends most of his time.

Accordingly, each apartment, as well as the various rooms included in it, is greatly influenced by their designs. Therefore, the size, shape and color of windows and doors are also of great practical importance, and even affect human health.

Criteria for selecting a window opening for a private house

Which windows are best for a country house? The variety of choices allows you to find the ideal option, but this same condition complicates it.

The question arises, what rules should be used to choose plastic structures. The answer to this can be found after familiarizing yourself with the features of the different options.

You can also pay attention to expert advice.

The first point to consider is thermal insulation. As for noise isolation, this is not the most important criterion.

For a dacha, the material of the frame plays an important role. If you are faced with a choice of which frames are best to install (PVC or aluminum), then the first option will be preferable. Their characteristics are significantly superior to their aluminum counterparts. This especially affects the main criterion - efficiency.

To figure out what size windows to make in a private home, it’s worth studying various samples. This condition will make the framing of your home harmonious in all respects.

What window sizes should I choose for a private home? In order to save money, large windows are often used that retain a lot of light, for example, panoramic windows are an excellent solution for a private home. Their purpose is also to create an aesthetic appearance and a cozy space inside.

Several windows in the room and different curtains: which is correct?

Of course, there is no strict rule. You can choose one of the options that suits you.

1. Different models of curtains from the same fabric (for example, on one window - long, on the other - Roman).

2. Identical short curtains plus long drapery on one of the windows.

3. Curtains made of different fabrics of the same color.

4. One curtain is neutral and universal, the other - to match the color of the interior.

5. The curtains are different, but have something in common, having a connection: it can be a similar pattern, the same texture, the same finish, etc.

Number of window blocks

When choosing the final window sizes, you should clearly understand their dependence on the entire glazing area: when choosing large windows in a wooden house it will be cold, when choosing small ones it will be dark, and this will lead to the constant use of additional light sources. You should find a middle ground and focus on building laws and regulations.

The choice of window size in a wooden house will directly depend on their purpose and location.

When choosing the ratio of wall area and glazing, the following principles should be taken into account:

Shape and area of the room. For long rooms, two or more windows are needed, but for small ones, one window in the center of the wall will be enough.
The location of windows relative to the light sides. Place large windows on the western and southern sides - this will provide greater maximum illumination. In such rooms, house plants will feel very comfortable.
Purpose of the premises. Large windows are installed in living rooms, offices and other rooms where people are regularly present and where a large amount of natural daylight is required.

As a rule, such rooms are located on the south-west side of the building when designing. For the bedroom, high-quality lighting is not particularly required, so it is located on the north or west side, and only one window block will be enough for it.

It is also customary to place the kitchen and other utility storage rooms on the northern sides. Historical fact, large windows used to be installed in Finnish or Scandinavian houses: because natural daylight improved mood and increased performance, which was important on short winter days. It was pleasant to stay in these rooms all the time: bright natural daylight could be additionally enhanced by light and warm wall decoration and a choice of white furniture.

Of course, it is not always possible to perfectly copy the Finnish style in Russian houses, but some elements can still be borrowed.

Standard parameters and properties of window systems

To make plastic window structures, you will have to contact a construction company, or if you want to save money, go directly to the manufacturer, and they will offer you a standard range.

As a rule, the sizes of windows in a frame wooden house are as follows:

Single leaf (height 400-1470 mm, width 400-870 mm);
Double-leaf (height 570-1470 mm, width 870-1470 mm);
Three-leaf (height 1170-1470 mm, width 1770-2070 mm).

Standard sizes of windows in a house from manufacturers in the Russian Federation.
Choosing a larger sash size is not entirely safe: glass is a fragile material, and it requires a special binding. If you are planning a balcony on the second floor, then the door dimensions will be standard (height 2100-2200 mm, width 700-900 mm).

All of the listed window sizes are produced by most construction companies, and if you want to make an exclusive order, the window set will be significantly more expensive.

Standard parameters of window structures are designed for the same type of openings in multi-storey panel buildings, and the demand for them is quite high, but construction companies carry out orders for individual sizes much less often. Therefore the cost is much higher. When designing, take into account the future location of all furniture and its dimensions.

Distance from window to floor

A typical standard window should be located at a height of 80 to 90 cm from the floor : this provides a good view for both a sitting and a standing person, and you can place a desktop or other piece of furniture under the window sill. The upper edge of the block is usually located at a height of 220 to 230 cm from the floor.

Special requirements apply to windows in the premises of a wooden bath: a bath room does not require good lighting, but the preservation and retention of heat is very important. Following these requirements, a standard bath window in a steam room is no larger than 600×600 mm, and in a relaxation room the window can be made larger, for example 1000×1200 mm.

Maximum size of plastic window structure

When choosing large individual window structures with increased sash area, you need to know the existing requirements set out in special building regulations:

The area of the entire structure should not be more than 6 square meters. meters. Otherwise, it may not withstand the wind load, and in unfavorable weather conditions the glass unit may crack and crumble into fragments.
You should not ignore safety rules: weather conditions in different regions of Russia are changeable and unpredictable. Large blocks should have partitions, and the area of the doors should not be higher than 2.8 square meters. m. The maximum permissible size of the sashes is 110×240 cm. When designing window openings, keep in mind that a large structure can quickly fail. A metal-plastic profile with a two-chamber (three-chamber) double-glazed window will be very heavy, and due to the large weight, the fittings will soon begin to sag and sag. In this case, the sash will wear out and it will begin to creak; using such a design will be inconvenient and even more unsafe. If you decide to install an arched window, then its radius should not be less than 35 cm. The requirements for large sashes will be the same as for conventional turning systems.

Type of windows with panoramic glazing of the house
If these requirements are not met, a threat to residents may arise, so you should not ignore them even with panoramic glazing. If you want to provide your home with good lighting, you need to order modern panoramic glazing designs made from special tempered glass or so-called triplex. Of course, their cost is much more expensive, but they are much safer and will provide all residents with a good view. When choosing what size window to order for your home, you should take into account the climate and wind load in your region. If winters are cold, then heat will escape faster through double-glazed windows, which means an annual increase in heating costs.

The size of the hole for the window block

The dimensions of wooden windows in a frame house will not coincide with the dimensions of the opening. They will be large; this tolerance is needed for the subsequent installation of the casing and window sill. You need to step back about 5 cm from the planned height of the lower edge of the window: 4 cm is the thickness of the window sill and 1 cm is the layer of polyurethane foam . The width of the hole exceeds the window by 14 cm: 5 cm on each side for installation and installation of the casing and 2 cm on both sides for a layer of polyurethane foam for durable fastening.

The opening at the top is about 10 cm larger: this gap is left because over time the beam will lower. When making calculations and planning, it is worth taking into account the lower edge of the frame; it should not be located at a height of more than 1 m from the floor level. In this case, it is not very convenient to rest your hands on the windowsill, and the lighting in the room will not be enough.

Requirements for profiles and double-glazed windows

When choosing a window unit, you also need to choose the right profile and double-glazed windows. It will be more difficult to choose if you install metal-plastic frames: since the number of offers on the construction market is growing, and you need to know exactly which criteria will suit you best.

Here are some basic and important requirements:

The number of cameras in double-glazed windows. For country-type houses or for premises that will be used only in the summer, you can install a single-chamber double-glazed window. However, in winter, such a package will not be enough. You will have to purchase double-glazed windows with air layers; they will protect your home from freezing, although the cost will be significantly higher than single-layer packages.
Number of chambers in a plastic profile. The more chambers, the better the profile retains heat, because air is the best heat insulator. For a capital project, it is customary to choose a 3- or 4-chamber double-glazed window.
Selecting a seal. Very little attention is paid to the choice of this material, but thanks to the seal, all cracks and drafts are eliminated. Cheap and rubber material will begin to “tan” and cease to perform its main functions. Some manufacturers offer transparent elastomer seals: their cost is higher, but the protection against cold is much better and of higher quality.
Accessories. The main rule is that you shouldn’t skimp on it. Cheap locks, clamps, handles will quickly fail, and weakened hinges and a thin frame will certainly lead to distortion and sagging of all sashes. As a result, you will have to spend money on expensive repairs, so the savings do not justify the investment.

Choosing window systems for a frame house is a very complex and responsible task, and it is better to discuss its solution with craftsmen and professionals. The cheapest and most accessible option is windows made of metal-plastic; they can be ordered from any construction company. Plastic window structures have a significant impact on environmental friendliness, so when choosing them you need to decide in advance the issue of high-quality ventilation, but at the same time they retain heat well and will last you much longer during operation. The rooms will be light, cozy and comfortable, and a well-calculated total glass area will give you a sufficient level of illumination.

Heating and cooling glass

What else is the difference between plastic windows and all others? The presence of a double-glazed window, which makes these designs unique. There are two types, differing in the number of spaces. Double-glazed windows with one chamber are cheaper, but also less temperature-resistant. For severe frosts and high heat, double-glazed windows should be used. Only with the help of such PVC windows will the interior be cool in summer and warm in winter.

The strength of the profile when using a double-glazed window with two chambers should be maximum. Otherwise, if you open such a sash, it may not hold up and become deformed, rendering the structure unworkable. But for elite products this is unacceptable. Therefore, all types of window structures are made from reinforced profiles.

Varieties

Corner windows vary in type and frame material. Structural differences can be classified as follows:

Frameless structures. Solid glass sheets are connected to each other by welding or using a special sealant. A special corner profile is installed along the perimeter of the structure, which is fixed in the opening with fasteners. This option for glazing the corners looks the most attractive in terms of design and level of natural light.
Glazing with standard frame type. They are assembled in corners using traditional technology. Manufacturing and installation are carried out using conventional materials. The result looks quite aesthetically pleasing, but somewhat cumbersome.
Blocks with an impost or an additional post in the corner of the opening, to which side frames or frameless glazing are fixed.

Classification by material of the profile system has many more options:

Windows made of solid glass without profile frames. Durable glass sheets up to 10 mm thick are used for manufacturing; there are no internal side stops made of other materials. To give the structure the necessary rigidity and resistance to mechanical stress, only high-strength tempered glass is used. To ensure protection against burglary, special fittings are installed on opening elements. The glasses are joined together using a weather-resistant sealant, which is practically invisible to an outside observer. This type of glazing is characterized by low energy-saving properties, which makes it unsuitable for all-season use in regions with low average annual temperatures.
Metal-plastic blocks. Unlike the option described above, these are energy-efficient profile systems. The number of profile chambers can be more than seven; some manufacturers additionally insulate their products with a thermally insulating polymer insert. PVC windows are durable, perfectly insulated from external climatic conditions and extraneous sounds. It is recommended to install double-glazed windows with inert gas; this will make the structure not too heavy, which is important for corner glazing, and will ensure a fairly low level of heat loss in the room. In cold-type panoramic models, a single-chamber double-glazed window will be sufficient.
Aluminum windows. Durable, lightweight structures, popular when arranging large-scale objects. The thermal conductivity of aluminum is relatively high, so it is very rarely used for warm glazing. If energy efficiency is required, combined solutions or multi-chamber profiles with polymer thermal inserts are used. The main advantage of aluminum glazing is strength, which is why this option is especially relevant in places with strong wind and other mechanical loads.
Windows made of reinforced composite. At the moment they are considered the most durable with a relatively low weight. The resistance of the composite profile to mechanical stress is superior to metal analogues, while the design is much lighter and warmer (the energy-saving characteristics are not inferior to products made from natural wood). Reinforced composite provides high noise insulation and is not subject to temperature deformation, such as plastic. The main disadvantages are the relatively high cost and limited possibilities for decoration or coloring.
Wooden windows. A natural, environmentally friendly material, durable and warm enough to be used for all-season glazing of residential premises. Wood burns well, but this feature is almost completely eliminated by special impregnations, the main thing is that the manufacturer follows the technology. Models whose height does not exceed three meters can be joined without additional corner support (impost) on the sealant.

Variety of types for residential premises

If production areas require simple structures, then for residential buildings products of more complex configurations are used. This is due to the desire of the owners to obtain beautiful and multifunctional window systems that provide comfortable living. Therefore, in manufacturers’ offices, buyers carefully study every photo of the product offered.

Most often, for apartments, a design with two doors is chosen, one of which can be opened in several planes (turn and tilt).

Triple-leaf plastic windows are also used for spacious rooms. In this case, one part always remains blank, since it does not play a key role either in ventilating the room or in caring for the structure. There are also types in which a blind transom is located at the top. She is responsible only for the light space.

For the construction of buildings according to individual projects, exclusive plastic windows are required. This involves manufacturing not according to accepted standards, taking into account the design of the facade, which looks harmonious when viewed from the street. Such designs look impressive not only in photos, but also in a real project. Arched profile bends are almost always present in such structures. But there may not be so many opening sashes, since the main function of these plastic windows is aesthetics and beauty. But the structures will be reliably protected from external precipitation, as well as wind and other troubles.

Feng Shui welcomes welcoming doors

Doors, especially internal ones, perform not only communication functions in an apartment, but also contribute to the influx of “good energy”, which has a positive effect on the lives of apartment residents. In order for this positive energy to flow freely through doorways, you should not create resistance to it in the form of objects and interior decoration items that have an acute angled shape.

For external and internal doors, Feng Shui sets certain requirements already on the approach to your house or apartment. By all means, this area should be brightly lit, creating a friendly atmosphere for those entering, as if inviting them to come inside. External entrance doors should be of a size that is in harmony with the rest of the structure and promotes the free flow of “good energy”.

Feng Shui puts forward requirements similar to European standards for external doors, except that they must be open inward. At the same time, the size and shape of these doors are also of particular importance, and should be in harmony with the panels of the corridor, staircase and nearby rooms. In addition, all decorative elements of these doors must be spherical or oval in shape.

If the doors do not have doors, but only a closed jamb or frame, then its sharp upper corners should be covered with a curtain, which will accumulate positive energy in this room, which is so necessary for good human life. The fittings mounted in the doors, especially handles, apartment numbers and business cards should be shiny and visible from afar.