The quality of wood-based panel materials offered by TD Resurs in St. Petersburg is ensured by strict compliance with technical conditions during their production. Fiberboards DVP GOST 4598-86, as well as all types of plywood, chipboard and OSB meet the requirements of current Russian standards. The products sold are certified in independent laboratories and have supporting documents.
Conditioned chipboard GOST 106320-2104 for general purposes is widely used for the production of various goods: furniture and interior items. The material, along with plywood and OSB, is used in construction for finishing premises and making external structures. Furniture facades and many other products are made from laminated chipboard.
Introduction
Currently, environmental programs that involve the processing of secondary waste and their further disposal are increasingly valuable. Their result is a reduction in environmental pollution, cheaper raw materials for production, as well as the preservation of natural resources - forests, reservoirs, etc. Many different boards are made from wood waste, in which the main component is wood, and there is also a binding component - resin. The previous article discussed the production of particle boards (chipboards). In this article we will look at another type of board - OSB.
What paint should I use to paint the OSB board on the façade of the building?
To cover OSB panels outdoors, you need special paints. The composition intended for interior work is not used here. The level of its environmental friendliness is much higher, and therefore the price is corresponding, so it is not economically profitable to use such material for exterior finishing. The technical side of the issue also plays a role:
- Facade paint must have a high level of vapor permeability.
- The coating must prevent moisture from entering the surface of the panels.
- The best choice for panels with low moisture resistance would be latex and silicone based paints.
In reality, painting the slab and photos of the preparatory processes demonstrate that the outer OSB3 cladding is first coated with a primer. For these purposes, GF-020 and GF-021 soils have proven themselves to be excellent. Before painting the OSB board on the facade with a primer, it is first sanded and cleaned of dust.
For moisture-resistant sheets, alkyd enamels are suitable, which have repeatedly demonstrated examples of durable coatings. When implementing design projects, the surface is covered with stain, but the question may arise as to what varnish to cover the texture with. The answer is simple - vinyl or polyurethane; the decorative benefits of such treatment are very noticeable.
Preparing paint and applying it
Paints and varnishes are usually applied to OSB panels in at least two layers. The first is diluted with 10-15% solvent of the appropriate type. Depending on the composition of the paint, it can be acetone, water or solvent. The second layer is not diluted. The coating technology takes into account the following nuances:
Latex and water-dispersed acrylic paints have good spreadability, so even when applied with a brush, no streaks or streaks remain. Viscous alkyd and polyurethane coatings are applied with a roller. Practice shows that using a spray bottle reduces consumption, which is very important when using expensive stains and patinas.
Basically, the painting of the slab in the video represents the process on already mounted surfaces. This method significantly reduces the consumption of paint and varnish material, but such treatment does not protect well from moisture, especially for the ends of the sheet on the facade areas. Therefore, it would be wise to paint it on both sides before installation.
Before painting an OSB wood board inside or outside the house, you should think about subsequent care of the surface. If you purchased high-quality paint and applied it in 2-3 layers, then the surface will retain its original appearance for a long time only with periodic washing. For preventive purposes, every 3-5 years you can renew the coating with a layer of varnish or translucent paint.
The ends are traditionally covered with planks, thereby masking the joints. They are attached after painting, often highlighted with a different color scheme. Over time, after the building shrinks, peeling of the sheets may occur. In this case, it is better to tear off the decorative strips and reattach them, filling the old holes with putty.
Oriented Strand Board
Oriented strand board or OSB is translated into Russian as oriented strand board or in the abbreviation OSB, although the abbreviation OSB is more common.
Visually, this is a sheet of some standard geometric dimensions, which consists of several layers (usually 4) of a given thickness, wood chips (chips, thin chips), and the chips in the outer layers of the oriented strand board with their wood fibers are directed along the length of the side leaf. In the inner layers, the direction of the fibers is perpendicular to the outer layers.
As a component that binds the main structural filler (shavings, wood chips, etc.), various resins with the addition of boric acid and synthetic wax are used.
Using various components, these resins can be waterproof and fireproof. You can visually distinguish OSB from other particle boards by the clearly visible dimensions of the chips, which have the following geometric parameters:
- length 7.5 – 15 cm;
- width 1-1.2 cm;
- thickness 0.5-0.8 mm.
It should be noted that the wood fibers in them are directed along the long edge of the sheet (lobar side), this feature is the main distinguishing feature of the product. The appearance of OSB resembles a mosaic of oblong wooden blocks treated with a resinous composition.
Types of edges of OSB sheets
In this case, there are only two types - straight edge and figured edge.
Direct is used as a base, rough material, base for further finishing. Sometimes a straight edge is used for the production of containers, boxes, etc. from OSB.
As for the curly edge, it is suitable for the final final cladding. It provides that the sheet will have grooves and bulges on different sides, due to which the most tight joining is possible. Accordingly, it will be possible to assemble a homogeneous plane from several sheets while maintaining maximum heat and moisture insulation.
GOST OSB
The production of oriented strand board from the source material to the final market product is regulated by GOSTs of the Russian Federation and other regulations. The main document is GOST R 56309-2014 “Oriented strand boards (OSB). Technical conditions."
In addition, we present several more important documents.
- GOST 10633-78. Particle boards. General rules for preparing and conducting physical and mechanical tests;
- GOST 10634-88. Particle boards. Methods for determining physical properties;
- GOST 10635-88. Particle boards. Methods for determining the tensile strength and elastic modulus in bending;
- GOST 10636-90. Particle boards. Method for determining tensile strength perpendicular to the plate surface;
- GOST 27678-88. Particle boards and plywood. Perforator method for determining formaldehyde content;
- GOST 27678-2014. Wood boards and plywood. Perforator method for determining formaldehyde content.
- GOST 27680-88. Particle boards and wood fiber boards. Methods for controlling size and shape;
- GOST 27935-88. Wood fiber and particle boards. Terms and Definitions;
- GOST 30255-95. Furniture, wood and polymer materials. Method for determining the release of formaldehyde and other harmful volatile chemicals in climate chambers.
Pros of painting
The advantages of decorating OSB using coloring agents are:
- protection (a layer of paint prevents excessive moisture, water does not get under the slab, and, accordingly, it does not deform);
- effectiveness (if the OSB structure consists of large, sloppy chips, then the paint masks all the defects);
- ease of installation;
- low cost (compared, for example, with decorative panels).
Related article: How to cover the floor on a balcony: recommendations
It should be noted that painting is relevant specifically when decorating the inside of a house or other room. Outside climatic conditions have a detrimental effect on the finish, and in this case a deeper level of protection is required
Coloring is used both in domestic and industrial settings. In any case, a layer of varnish is applied after the paint - it protects the coating from fading and damage.
Production technology
The production of oriented strand board is characterized by multi-stage, versatility and consistency.
Raw materials for wood boards
The wood used for the production of wood-based panels is harvested by specialized enterprises. Schemes for harvesting and delivering wood to production directly depend on a number of factors, in particular the scale of the enterprise. Small enterprises cut up harvested wood, logs, in the cutting area at cutting sites, and unprofitable assortment (diameter less than 20 cm) is destroyed on site by burning or simply abandoned. Large and powerful enterprises, on the contrary, use everything, even branches, needles and cones to plant new forests on the areas they have cut down.
The most common procurement scheme is the following:
- harvesting and storing logs in piles using felling and skidding-bunching forestry tractors;
- loading timber trucks with a jaw tractor or manipulator;
- delivery of logs to the primary cutting line;
- cutting of logs into assortments.
The cutting of the logs and sorting of the assortment is carried out into the following categories (it is not sorted by grade, but is marked on the upper ends of the log):
- Export;
- Sawlog;
- Balance;
- Firewood.
“Balance” is the main raw material for the production of all particle boards and OSB in particular.
Wood of any species is suitable for the production of oriented strand board: hard and soft, deciduous and coniferous.
Hydrothermal treatment
This process is necessary to reduce the hardness of the tree, as well as increase its ductility. This stage is especially relevant in winter, during cold times, when the wood arrives completely frozen.
Two types of hydrothermal treatment are used:
- Cooking – the material is processed with heated water;
- Steaming - the material is thawed using hot saturated steam.
Hydrothermal treatment of wood raw materials, which is used for the production of OSB, is carried out as follows:
- during drum debarking, the short-length balance is loaded into the debarking drum and heated air or saturated steam is supplied there;
- with rotary debarking, frozen raw materials are thawed in pools with heated water;
- Wallpaper methods are used to moisturize dry, aged wood.
Removing bark from logs
Wood debarking can be divided into 4 methods:
- Manual. The bark from the long balance is removed using: an ax, a plow and a bayonet shovel with a cut off toe.
- Water. Water is supplied under pressure and it knocks off the bark.
- Debarking drum. There are a sufficient number of their modifications, from different manufacturers. But they all work on the principle of an electric potato peeler.
- Rotary debarking. The most common method in the forestry industry for removing bark from a tree.
Chip production
There are several production options:
- a long sanded balance is sawn into a short one, about a meter long, also a balance;
- the short balance is placed in the planing unit;
- the machine planes strip shavings in the direction of the wood grain with a uniform thickness and length of 7.5 - 15 cm and a width of 1-1.2 cm.
Drying chips
After the planing installation, raw chips are transported to hoppers, from which they are sent at low speed to the drum of the drying unit, in which drying occurs. After this process, the chips are sorted. Standard chips are used for the production of oriented strand board; smaller fractions are sent for the manufacture of other products or burned.
Impregnation of chips with waterproof resins
The following are fed into a cylinder with dried chips rotating at a constant speed through separate channels: paraffin, resin, boric acid and other impregnation components. As a result, mixing occurs and the output is a finished, thoroughly mixed mass.
Creating a shaving carpet
The molding complex is equipped with built-in scales, magnets, crimping rollers and a mechanism for double-sided trimming of carpet edges with immediate return of excess chip mass to the middle layer hopper. In this complex, the necessary chip carpet is formed - a substance ready for pressing and further processing.
Pressing
Semi-finished products are pressed under high temperature and significant pressure until a conditioned building board is obtained.
Final stage
Next, the following operations are performed with the oriented strand board:
- cut according to standard sheet sizes;
- kept for finishing in a natural environment;
- sorted by categories and varieties;
- apply markings;
- packaged and sent to the storage location.
Redevelopment during the construction phase. Let's understand the concepts
Technically, redevelopment at the construction stage is not a redevelopment, but a change in design documentation, i.e. in fact - construction on a new project. Redevelopment requires changes to the BTI plan, and in the case of a house at the construction stage there is no BTI plan yet. Thus, it is possible to talk about redevelopment as a change in the technical characteristics of a residential premises according to a special procedure only after the residential building has been put into operation.
At the stage of building a house, Natalya Shatalina, general director, advises negotiating all changes directly with the developer. It is worth considering that the layout is an integral part of the DDU, and if the developer agrees to the changes, you need to conclude an additional agreement to the DDU and attach a new project. All this must be done before the house is put into operation.
Immediately after the house is put into operation and the apartment acceptance certificate is signed, the concept of “ownership rights” comes into force, i.e. legally, the apartment becomes “secondary” real estate, even if no one has lived in it yet, reminds Viktor Prokopenko, sales director. The requirements that an apartment must meet and the rules for redevelopment are the same both at the construction stage and after its completion.
It really makes sense to plan complex changes associated with changes in the load on supporting structures at the construction stage, and ideally before construction work. Fundamental changes must be agreed upon by the author of the project, and the developer, in turn, makes changes to the project documentation.
The most common practice is to remodel the apartment upon receipt of the keys. If we are talking about an apartment in a monolithic building, and the redevelopment does not affect load-bearing pylons or walls, wet areas, kitchens, ventilation structures and does not imply a change in the functional purpose of the premises, the registration procedure is very simple. The owner brings a new project to BTI and receives approved documents.
The practice of changing premises before commissioning is not very common among developers, since the material and time costs are too high and impractical.
Pavel Inshakov, head of the sales department of the Accord residential complex. Smart-quarter”, reported that during the construction stage it is quite difficult to carry out redevelopment in principle, since apartments with changed planning solutions will not be put into operation. That is, if we are talking about a large-scale project of several hundred thousand square meters, then it is almost impossible to take into account the wishes of all future owners. This is realistic if the project is small and the developer agrees to assume the responsibility of re-approving new plans from the authorities. In standard houses, redevelopment is usually carried out by the owners after delivery of the house and on their own. Of course, in luxury real estate projects, which are particularly intimate, developers follow the lead of clients as much as possible, realizing all their wishes.
Classification
Exceptional physical and mechanical qualities and the progressive development of current technologies have made it possible to use oriented strand board in the production of structural systems in construction and in the manufacture of products in the furniture and packaging industries.
Strength and moisture resistance
| Class | Strength | Moisture resistance |
| OSB 1 | Low | Low |
| OSB 2 | High | Low |
| OSB 3 | High | High |
Dimensions of OSB boards, quantity in packages
| Indicators | Slabs with smooth edges | Slabs with tongue and groove | ||||||||||
| Dimensions (LxW), mm | 2440x1220, 2500x1250 | 2440x1220, 2440x590, 2450x590, 2500x1250 | ||||||||||
| Thickness, mm | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 22 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 22 |
| Number of sheets in the package, pcs. | 100 | 80 | 75 | 70 | 55 | 50 | 45 | 35 | 55 | 50 | 45 | 35 |
OSB Specifications
| Indicators | Standard | Aggloply OSB 2 | Aggloply OSB 3 | OSB 2 | OSB 3 | |||
| Thickness, mm | 10-18 | 10-18 | 6-10 | 10-18 | 18-25 | 6-10 | 10-18 | |
| Thickness tolerance, mm: unpolished plate, polished plate | EN 324-1 | 0,30,3 | 0,30,3 | ±0,8±0,3 | ±0,8±0,3 | |||
| Length tolerance, mm | EN 324-1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||
| Width tolerance, mm | EN 324-1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||
| Squareness, mm | EN 324-2 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 1,5 | |||
| Straightness, mm/1 m | EN 324-1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
| Modulus of elasticity, N/mm²: longitudinal axis transverse axis | EN 310 | >6000>2500 | >6000>2500 | 35001400 | 35001400 | |||
| Bending strength, N/mm²: longitudinal axis transverse axis | EN 310 | >35>17 | >35>17 | 2211 | 2010 | 189 | 2211 | |
| Transverse tensile strength, N/mm² | EN 310 | >0,75 | >0,75 | 0,34 | 0,32 | 0,3 | 0,34 | |
| Formaldehyde, mg/100g | EN 120 | <6,5 | <6,5 | <8 | <8 | |||
| Swelling in 24 hours when completely immersed in water, % | EN 317 | 12 | 6 | 20 | 15 | |||
Application areas of OSB
OSB is divided into seven main groups according to its properties and scope of application:
- O-SB-1 – used in low humidity environments;
- O-SB-2 – used in the production of load-bearing and support systems in dry and hot rooms;
- O-SB-3 – used in the production of load-bearing and support systems in environments with high humidity;
- O-SB-4 – used in the production of systems that bear significant mechanical load in an environment with greatly increased humidity;
- Varnished – a plate with one-sided varnish coating;
- Laminated - a slab covered with laminate;
- Tongue-and-groove - a slab with machined ends into a tongue-and-groove pattern.
Characteristics of OSB-1
This board is used in the production of furniture, packaging, cladding, internal partitions in dry rooms and more. Here are some areas of application of this material:
- Furniture manufacture. A huge number of components of cabinet and upholstered furniture are made of OSB. Since moisture resistance is low, it is important that these objects do not directly interact with water. In all other respects, it is a wonderful material for decoration or strength parts of structures.
- Interior decoration of cargo compartments: cars, trains, sea and river vessels, etc. The use of this material ensures the strength of the internal surfaces of cargo spaces, as well as a durable and shock- and scratch-resistant coating, which characterizes safety for both the cargo and the rolling stock itself.
- Production of containers. A great variety of types of packaging are easily and quickly made from OSB sheets. Reducing the cost of packaging production directly affects the reduction in the cost of the product itself.
Characteristics of OSB-2
This board is used in the manufacture of load-bearing and supporting structures in dry rooms.
- construction of internal partitions;
- production of floors;
- production of ceilings;
- temporary closure of construction openings;
- production of exhibition stands, bar counters, racks, shelves, tabletops, counters, etc.
Characteristics of OSB-3
This board is moisture resistant, so it is used in the production of load-bearing structures in conditions of high humidity, namely:
- Partition lining. High strength and resistance to deformation makes it possible to use the slabs in combination with other types of external and internal cladding coatings.
- Base for soft roofing coverings and sheathing for roofing with slate, profiles and tiles. Lightness, sound absorption, rigidity and strength allow it to be used for these purposes.
- Flooring. Used as the main floor covering under floorboards.
- Support surfaces. Provides a uniform base surface for facing plastic materials.
- I-beams. High-quality support structures that prevent movement and deflection thanks to the I-section.
- Packaging, pallets. Used for the production of high-quality packaging: boxes, boxes, containers, etc.
- Construction of premises. On ships and railway cars, floors of truck trailers and truck bodies.
- Temporary housing. Sandwich panels are made from oriented strand board, which in turn are used to construct temporary housing.
Varnished OSB
One of the sides of such a slab is varnished; it has a pleasant to the eye shade and a unique wood chip pattern. This slab does not require additional coating or painting. That is why it is widely used in the following areas:
- furniture production;
- interior decoration of residential, office and industrial premises;
- production of sandwich panels;
- interior decoration of premises on ships, ships and railway cars;
- production of exhibition stands, bar counters, racks, shelves, table tops, counters and more.
Laminated OSB
Mainly used in the manufacture of reusable (up to 50) formwork for concrete work.
tongue and groove OSB
This is a slab with processed groove-ridge ends on 2 or 4 sides of the slab, for laying over a large surface area.
How to seal the joints?
The installation gap between the sheets must be maintained. But once the fastening is complete, it will have to be sealed. The easiest way is to seal the seams on the outside of the building with elastic putty compounds. With their help you can cover cracks up to 5 mm
It is important that the composition is intended for outdoor use
You can also make your own putty. To do this, PVA glue is mixed with small waste from carpentry work. The composition is not completely moisture resistant; it is better to close the gaps treated with it with thin slats or overlays. Among ready-made mixtures, sealing compounds of the “warm seam” type are also distinguished, when a special cord is laid inside when the gap is large.
For more information on installing walls with OSB boards, see the video below.
Properties and technical specifications
Slabs are produced from coniferous and deciduous trees. The chips are arranged in such a way that they provide high strength and protection. Compared to chipboard (plywood), OSB has a cheaper cost per square meter. Manufactured using the hot pressing method. There are few harmful qualities. The raw materials are wood shavings and special glue, which is capable of preventing the growth of fungus. Has the following characteristics:
- Little weight
- You can buy it at a budget price
- Is resistant to moisture
- Eco-friendly material
- Cool quality indicators
- Manufactured according to GOST standards 32567
- Can be primed, plastered, decorated, puttied
Application of OSB boards
- Used as decorative material
- You can do the repairs yourself at home
- Long service life
- You can paste wallpaper on top
- Open up the base with stain
- Used in the interior
Some are inclined to believe that smallpox slabs for interior decoration are harmful. In fact, formaldehyde and phenol fumes bring danger and harm. They are used as a connecting device. The advantages of polymer materials include their low cost, but their disadvantage is their toxicity. Has flammability properties. When burned, it releases toxicity. Therefore, to some extent, the smallpox stove is harmful to health. Disadvantages include an unpleasant odor. They are best used for external installation and cladding.
Another feature is that before purchasing you need to pay attention to the packaging, description and instructions for gluing, storage conditions, color of the board. After purchase, it is advisable to give the material time to weather so that it becomes safe.
We advise you to study - “Double timber” or “double tongue” technology
Osp panels are not afraid of the sun, so they need to be installed in any weather. This is the main difference from other finishing materials. Before purchasing, you need to roughly calculate how many sheets you need to take. In order to properly paint smallpox outside, you need to purchase paint for external robots. This paint covers the texture.
OSB board in the interior
Which paint is better? Builders are faced with this issue. You can paint with any material, but you must not forget about its features. Since the slabs are glued together with resins, it is better to use solvent-soluble substances. An excellent option is opening with oil paints. They have a high viscosity and are slightly absorbed into the slab. The downside is that the paint takes a long time to dry. But the result is worth the time spent. If long-term operation is required, then aclide paints will help with this. It is not necessary to varnish over dried paint. It is not recommended to work with acrylic composition; it promotes swelling of the slab.
Work with external walls
Using OS sheets when finishing the external walls, we construct the work in this way:
- Carefully process the end sides. We lay the slabs, leaving small gaps. We fill the resulting seams with acrylic sealants.
- Apply the primer mixture. If necessary, impregnate the sheets with a water-based sealant. Then we dry and sand the surface.
- We reinforce the joints of the slabs, and then lay the façade plaster. It is more convenient to work with elastic compounds.
- To complete the design of the external walls, we paint them. The exterior of the OSB board is painted with an acrylic or oil base.
Application area
The properties of OSB allow this material to be used as a construction or finishing material. Here are the types of work it can be used for:
- Covering frames and walls inside and out.
- Leveling the floor and ceiling.
- Laying rough or finished floors along joists.
- Removable formwork when working with concrete.
- Continuous sheathing for bitumen shingles, metal tiles, slate, soft roofing materials.
- Production of SIP panels and thermal panels.
There is constant debate among developers about how safe OSB board is. Its production uses resins that emit formaldehyde. Manufacturers claim that the release of this substance does not exceed 1%. Materials with such formaldehyde emissions are considered absolutely safe. Wood releases approximately the same amount of this substance. Therefore, such materials are allowed for the construction of children's furniture. In addition, OSB boards with emissions of 0.5% appeared. They can be distinguished by two criteria: the name contains the prefix Bio or Green and they are more expensive.
OSB board has a wide range of applications
Please note that the level of formaldehyde emission must be controlled. Each batch of material must be checked and the actual parameters indicated in the accompanying documents. Despite all the arguments, not everyone considers this material safe, preferring to use natural material - boards. They are, without a doubt, an environmentally friendly material, but the boards take longer to work with and are more expensive. In general, everyone decides for themselves whether to use OSB boards or not.
